Enviromental Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enviromental Change - assay ExampleGlobal change has many greater effects other than melting ice caps and smoke winters. Its effects are escalating over the years and the climate is changing at a very speedy rate. If things are not changed around the earth is going to be a tough place to dwell in. Not just for us but for most animals and creatures.Global warming may be plainly defined as the just increase in the earths atmospheric temperature. Global temperatures have increased by 0.74 0.18C. This rise in temperature has many effects on the environment.The polar ice caps are melting at a rapid rate and this will lead to a rise in sea take by about 1.3 meters within the next century (Carlson, 2008). For most glaciers worldwide, it is predicted that there will be an average volume loss of 60% by the year 2050 (Schneeberger, 2003). This melting can ca office flash floods and enough of lakes. The changes in climate is leading to a change in the ecosystem.There will be an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. Places at lower altitudes are at a higher find from climate change. It is said that there will be lesser rainfall and an increase in the jeopardize of drought in some places, while at some places the rainfall will increase. Global warming has many causes, which are split into two groups, natural causes and synthetic or anthropogenic causes. Methane gas is a greenhouse gas and is naturally released from the tundra and wetland regions. A greenhouse gas is one which traps heat in the earths atmosphere. The man-made cause of world(a) warming is basically pollution. importunate and mining of fossil fuels such as crude oil and coal. Minning for fossil fuels releases methane which is found naturally in the earth. Burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of global warming. Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gasses such as CO2. Today simple machines are the main culprits and are responible for releasing 36% of the total amount of gre enhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Everyday cars emmit many tonnes of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere which leads to an increase in global warming. If swift action is not taken soon sceintists fear that there will be blasting consequences. Cars are not going to go away. If anything the number of cars are going to increase.Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) projections envisions that by 2025, there will have been between 82 and 142 per cent growth in national duty over 1989 levels. In the UK bus, cycle and rail growth has been essentially stagnant since 1952, according to the DETR figures, but car traffic has increased enormously, from less than 100 billion kilometres a year to 600 billion in 1990(when it began to level off) (Motavalli, 2001). This increase in cars is leading to an increase in emmisions and so increase in greenhouse gasses which leads to olibanum car companys are taking an initiative and are developing hybrid cars. A hybrid fomi te is a vehicle that uses two or more distinctive power sources. Usually hybrid vehicles use an internal combustion engine along with some another eco-friendly source of power such as electric power. Now

Statistic paper Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Statistic paper - Statistics Project ExampleA significant correlation was observed between days and charges, r(287) = .80, p Hospital managers bear the overall office staff over the running of the hospital. However, their authority is usually curtailed when administrative duties come into play. This is due to the overpowering roles of physicians. Physicians control a significant portion of hospital costs and the length of time that a patient stays in a hospital. They also determine the drugs used in treating a patient and determine the suppliers.Despite these of import roles, the physicians are not employees of the hospital. At times, hospitals give individual physicians admitting privileges and periodically review their performance. However, the hospitals turn over various expenditures remains at the minimum. On the other hand, the revenues of the hospital are largely parasitical on the patients insurance coverage. This insurance coverage may cater for a more(prenominal) or le ss fixed amount and is classified using the diagnosis related group (DRG) system. It may also cater for a percentage of the hospital bill.The performance of a physician is crucial to the customary well-being of a patient. An outstanding performance

Book Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book Critique - Essay ExampleIn this recital Moraley furnished a scarce view of life between the lower classes in England and the middle colonies of the States through the early eighteen century. His adventure as indentured servants from England to the American Plantations, where he served in various jobs, saunter on the country side, and jumbled with black and white bonds people, the worker, craftsman, Indians, and other ordinary people.The special hobby in the story is the comments of Moraley on servants, bondservants, and Native American. The story is about the lower class lives in England and American Colonies during the eighteen century. One of the major constitutions of the story is Willaim Carr who took him from his job and taught him the Trade of Watch making. The main character of his stories is his father, chum and mother as well as his wife who affected his life too much. Sir George is another character of his story. He wrote about Sir George while he was sailing on t owards America. He has written about his get the hang daughter as well.When he met up with the daughter of his master he was removing his rags and given a divide shirt and an old coat, precisely was assured that the clothes were provisional and that he could anticipate better. This was the first meter in the story when Moraley thus a feeling of respect among a master and an indentured servant (Moraley, Klepp, & Smith, 2005, pp. 18-20).After spending her time on the boat they went to Philadelphia where the slaves were to be sold all the slaves were sold take away Morely. He went to Philadelphia and compulsions to spend his life in good manners, he started to search for a job but he failed and sold to a master. During this time period he fell in love and want to settle there but he sold. When he was working for his master he ran away from there but caught. His masters bailed him from jail and free him before his ending time period of serving. After that he engaged with a

Advanced entrepreneurship - legal and financial decisions Essay

Advanced entrepreneurship - legal and financial decisions - rise ExampleEvery year thousands of immigrants arrive in New York.The immigrants come with promising talent and academics,high hopes of surviving the American dream.Along with this,the natural increase in the people of a city resulted in a population growth assess of 5% The inhabitable land definitely does not increase with the same rate and this result into densification of population in the city crackers. The two bed room apartment, with all the traditionalistic bulky furniture, that can be bought in no less than $500,000 can hardly accommodate a family of four, let alone allow them a comfortable living. Hence a problem exists and with it comes new opportunities to do business. The Industry This business idea is related to furniture industry. A new growth called Space economy Furniture is presented to Triangle Solutions as a prospective business opportunity in New York City, Manhattan and exchangeable densely popu lated metropolitan argonas. The art of furniture design combined with the latest technology in engineering yields a broad range of multi-purpose furniture products. The new designs are more comfortable, occupy lesser space, and can be easily modified to fit different needs throughout the day. The catalog of product includes a study table that turns into a two tier beds for kids at night, a superb sofa set that turns in to a double bed when needed, a shelf that can be disassembled to employ four small chairs if required and so on. The list includes a whole range of easy to insure furniture products that can fit into offices, bed rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, study rooms etc. and can serve at least two, if not more, functions at a time. Market Size There are at least 2.14 million apartments in New York City alone according to a survey conducted in 2008 (DiNapoli, 2009, p. 1). about of the residents of these apartments suffer with the problems of low accommodation. Compared with the real estate prices and monthly rents, space saving furniture is a financially feasible option for the apartment dwellers to increase their accommodation. Hence it is estimated that the product allow for be extremely everyday with the majority of the population. Competition exists in this market as well. There are a few companies such(prenominal) as Resource Furniture which are already marketing the product. However, we believe that a strong marketing campaign can certainly attract the so far untapped customer base. Team Requirements The team for this business must consist of following experts. Interior Decorator To design the aesthetics of the furniture intersection and Industrial Design Engineer For general product design Mechanical Engineer For material selection, onus calculations and hydraulic system design etc. Marketing Manager For devising marketing and sales dodge and its implementation Director Operations To manage the production, inventory and general operations. Fin ance Officer To manage finances. Scalability of the harvest-tide The product is scalable over a good range of production and sales volume. Looking at the exist break down, we can observe that the product has very high initial, fixed costs and comparatively low variable cost. The initial cost includes the cost of equipments and machinery required for production and the design expenses. The variable costs include the materials, marketing and energy bills. Hence increasing the production and hence the sales volume will result in lesser payback time and greater profits. On the contrary, if low sales are forecasted for a particular product, then the costs can be reduced by using simpler production machinery instead of highly specialized machinery for each product. This machinery will have low initial and running cost but has more production time. Financials The business can be started by establishing an office / display center at Furniture Market in New York. A small manufacturing faci lity will be set up close to the display center. The initial capital required for it is $25,000. All the

Online shopping Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Online shop - Research Paper Examplemer premise, a major characteristic of online shopping provides a possibility of the transfer of customers shopping runs to a more effective products transferee that at the end has the possibility of producing constructive results on sustainability, use of land as well as mode of travel choices. The fact that online shopping is more popular in big towns and cities means that it get out thus act as an incentive for the required changes in these cities that face the most obstacles for logistics (Cairns, 2005).There is a lot of controversy regarding the effects of online shopping on road use and the overall changes in consumers travel habits and the impacts of the changes. Some studies indicate good or desirable effects on road use duration others indicate negative results with a final group indicating net neutral results. However, a good compute of this research indicate that with the increasing popularity and expansion of online shopping, coup led with the adoption of the necessary changes required then online shopping is going to be the solution for most of the transport challenges we experience in our towns and cities (Cairns, 2005).In spite of loony toons policy and regulations, online shopping continues to expand as more and more people accepts the system. Despite the fact that, air to caper section dominates online shopping in terms of money value of all the completed transactions, the business to consumer section remains very vital for the possible effects on travel habits, patterns of land use, logistics in cities as well as the effects on sustainability. The highest level of efficiency in the use of roads and other transportation facilities is achievable through restructuring and reorganizing the transportation activities linked to business transactions (Hu and Saleh, 2005).There is the consider to find out how the changes in the manner of conducting online shopping will influence the efficiency and the overa ll region towards a more

Critical Review of Juan Linz's 'The Perils of Presidentialism' Literature

Critical of Juan Linzs The Perils of Presidentialism - literary works review Exampleresidential system is very enduring and undoubtedly stable, but it is not a typical example, while the long-standing system of Chile and the recently introduced one and only(a) in Sri Lanka are much typical. In the case of Chile, democracy broke down in the 1970s and this is cited as evidence of his thesis. This is a indefinite argument, since his choice of example appears to dictate the validity of his theory and so Linz goes on to examine some and examples in search of more evidence.Linz notes that in modern times many countries in Latin the States have been impressed with the experience of Spain which changed from authoritarianism to a parliamentary system, with very positive outcomes. He argues that at that place are tensions between the policies of a president and those of the legislature which can cause problems. Furthermore, the fixed term personality of a presidents office causes artifi cial breaks in the continuity of government, leading to rigidly demarcated periods which observe continuous readjustments. There is also a risk that presidents personalize the power that they have and a riskiness that if they drop out of the role in the middle of the term, an unsuitable and unelected running mate whom no one seriously would have considered for the top job can be thrust into power. This aspect of personalizing causes presidential systems to configuration in safeguards like impeachment procedures, judicial independence and even in some case the intervention of war machine forces as a last resort. These measures demonstrate a desire for stability and a distrust of the presidential system. These paradoxes and tensions weaken the presidential system, in the opinion of Linz.The parliamentary system on the other hand, he argues, has more built-in flexibility because a Prime Minister can be removed without there being necessarily a change in government or a crisis. Par liament can be dissolved and a new election held, or votes of confidence can be used to express how much legitimacy a Prime

Negotiation, Listening and Responding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negotiation, Listening and Responding - Essay ExampleFirst, I would like to take this acknowledgement of bringing up a valid point. Although the return film director did not really grant my wish, but I feel relieved to go through utter what I wanted to say. Had I not said it all, it would have pinched me from inside and my productivity would have been affected for the worse. By principle, I should not have been scheduled to cover a route on Thursday since it was not in my district. In answer to this, the operate director in addition brought up a very valid and reasonable point that routes in my district were being covered by the skippers which was something that did not happen in other districts. Parts of the talks that employed ineffective listen and speaking included the occasional noise of the passing trolleys outside the service directors office which disrupted the conversation. The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is agreement of the message bein g sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as noise (intstudentsup.org, 2013). Our conversation was a great deal disturbed by a call from the GM and from the service managers to the service director. The service director also seemed to be in a hurry probably because the GM had assigned him some urgent task. later the obtainment of message through the visual and auditory channels, it is important to attend to it inside the working computer memory which can be achieved by focusing on the visual and auditory stimuli (Wolvin, 2012, p. 2).... 2). I believe that his understanding was being impaired by the phone calls. However, I was a bit nervous because the service director was much senior to me not only in rank but also in age. I was the age of his child. My immaturity of age compared to his might have made him feel as if I was having that problem because of lack of my understanding of the gravity of matters. I did not do right by only thought in my mind that thin gs would be the same as they were before. I had presumed that the service director had decided already and would not reconsider my request that was wrong. I should have believed as a successful negotiator that twain of us were trying to reach an agreement (Guasco and Robinson, 2007, p. 4). One alternative room to conduct this conversation in a manner that would enhance the understanding of the matter for both of us and facilitate effective listening and speaking would be sending an email to the service director discussing the whole problem, and getting a serve from him via an email. The advantage of this alternative would be that he would consider my problem thoroughly in free cartridge holder and think over it deeply before making me a reply. Another advantage would be that I would say everything I wanted to in the email without keeping any thoughts to myself. Another alternative way would be first discussing the issue with the service manager and ask him to convey it to the se rvice director. The advantage of this would be that I would be conveying my message through a proper channel i.e. via service manager. Secondly, since the service manager and the service director are age-fellows, their conversation would not be impaired by

Analysis of three directors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

digest of three directors - Essay ExampleTheir work represents a gradual development of storytelling, starting with the deliberately direful cut scenes of Rohmers new wave, which refuses to construct neat plot development from scene to scene, and moving on to a complex interplay of images in Antonioni and finally leading to a new kind of realism with Kieslowski. It would be wrong to see a direct linear relationship between these three directors, but each of them in their own way absorbed developments from the past in their own particular development of cinema.Eric Rohmers set of six films known as his Contes Moraux (Moral Tales), based on a set of short stories class together into novel form, mark a distinct point in the history of the cinema because they dumbfound to assert a particular approach which is designed and delivered purely with cinema in mind. It departs from earlier mental representation types of presentation, in which directors employ techniques borrowed from the stage, and from the literary tradition, based on the narrative and characterization techniques of novels, which aimed to turn famous writings into films. Theatre is a relatively artificial and static art form, bound by artificial unities of judgment of conviction and place, while film has the potential to explore more natural rhythms of real life. Techniques such as voice-overs to touch underpin and fill out action were already well developed in film, but Rohmer used juxtaposition of different characters, for example the rather odd relationship between Adrien, Haydee and Daniel in la Collectionneuse, along with ironic commentary by the lead character to explore how the voiceover can introduce tension and chaff into the film.Rohmer ventures into a mature and truly cinematic treatment of major moral issues through the lives of very common middle class men and women. James Monaco notes that the first two films in the series, La Boulangre de Monceau and La Carrire de Suzanne are sh orter, of poorer technical quality than the

Socially Responsible Investing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

socially Responsible Investing - Research Paper ExampleEmpirical research that has been conducted by different populate has shown that in selecting a portfolio, potential investors not only consider statistical measures like risk and snuff it but also psychological factors such as sentiment, overconfidence, and overreaction. In short, it is a general observation that heuristic-driven bias, var. dependence, and market inefficiency plays a crucial role in shaping the kind of portfolios that investors make the preference to, the fount of securities they find attractive, as well as the biases to which they are considered subject to.For a long period, the process of socially responsible investing has been the subject of significant attention in practitioner and academic literature. The process has so far attracted research process that has been geared towards examining and discussing the financial advantages associated with the process, its effects on social change, pertinent issues a nd challenges associated with SRI logistics as well as the motives and inspiration that drive investors. While it may be easy to know and capture some of the demographic makeup, associated with socially responsible investors, what distinguishes them from non-socially responsible investors as well as what their motives and inspirations are. Our understanding of the conclusion process behind SRI is still limited this is influenced by the fact that only a few studies name tested hypotheses about investor behavior in the context of socially responsible investing.

John F Kennedy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

thaumaturgy F Kennedy - Essay Exampleved to have shown evolution of his liberal ideas by adopting a collegial decision-making beat which sought resolution of conflicts through consensus and thorough cross-fertilization to filter out a more delicate and trustworthy output of argument, serving the best interest of the majority in the process. Moreover, his own essence of liberalism was make evident with the innovative approach on expressing his passion for revolutionary progress and reform. As such, he pet to take bureaucratic issues out of the traditional system and gave them appropriate treatment according to his personal decision-making path which appeared to take effect with greater degree of flexibility and number of feasible options.JFKs temperament whitethorn be claimed to have deeply affected critical perception when a portion of his acceptance delivery on A Liberal Definition was caught in devotion to include his proposing for liberalism is not much a party creed or set of fixed platform promises as it is an attitude of mind and heart, a faith in mans ability through the experiences of his reason and judgment to increase for himself and his feller men the amount of justice and freedom and brotherhood which all human life deserves (JFK A Liberal).In particular, this area could be felt to involve his genuine disposition on the significances of dignity, liberty, heart, and mind which the president believed to be the chief sources of collective national strength from which to execute current plan of action and build sassy hopes of the future for the liberal

Attack metholodgies ( network security ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Attack metholodgies ( entanglement surety ) - Essay ExampleThus, the security system firingers and hackers are now using the information obtained after penetrating through the security systems to attack the target individuals or organizations and defraud them. Without full sagacity of the nature of threats to the interlocking security systems and the methods of attacks applied, it would not be possible to establish a strong security mechanism that will efficiently protect the network systems and their associated data from attack. The understanding of the Network Security Attack Methodologies is therefore pertinent to the establishment of the most effective defense mechanisms and capabilities.The modern computer and network security systems are faced by diverse threats, owe to the fact that there has been a general growth in the internet accessibility and use, as comfortably as the overall growth in the number of targets comprising of both individual and organizational compute r and network security systems 1. The attack capabilities has also increase, due to the development of more advanced hacking and attack tools, following the increased knowledge and skills of computer operation and usage that have come with the advanced technology wave. Securing the network security systems against potential threats, both for the individuals and business organizations is a present effort that seeks to protect older systems already established, bandage also securing the newly acquired systems. While the protection of the network security systems against known threats could be easy, there is a need to ensure the continuity of proactive efforts to detect emerging new threats and understand their defense mechanisms 2. The understanding of the network security attack methodologies require a broad focus on who is interested in attacking, what their motivation is and what capabilities they have to exploit the network security weaknesses 3. The network security systems are far before of the available defense

Star Wars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

wind Wars - Essay ExampleWhile it is no doubt Star Wars deals with advanced technology many of which have not yet been established, Star Wars also talk somewhat the existence of Force which is actually a mystical energy field that provides magical energy to Jedi. Considering some(prenominal) scientific elements and mystical power shown in Star Wars, can the films be seen in the genre of both sci-fi and fantasy.Today, wisdom fiction has become a kind of reflection of mythology of our times (Sutton & Sutton, 1969, p.230). Myth has been described by Fontenelle as science that has been conceived in the primitive era by observing the causes of events. In the 19th century, Andrew Lang has explained that myth is human beings effort of understanding the mysteries of the world through the lens of science. It is now no longer possible to assume myth as prescience. According to Levi-Strauss theory, myth and science are ii parallel modes of explaining the universe. They are mutually exclus ive and two different ways of explaining the same thing. In primarily days, myth was used by man to understand his own origins while science is used as a tool to study destiny (Sutton & Sutton, 1969, p.231). Today science fiction is accepted as mythical exploration of scientific technology, and therefore Levi-Strausss theory does not hold good regarding the two concepts as parallel autonomy. There is now a clear intersection of the mythopoeic and scientific modes.According to Thoman C. Sutton and Marilyn Sutton (1969, p.231) myth and science reflect mans irrepressible curiosity about his origins and his destiny, they each can be seen as a particular human means of structuring the universe. The authors consider science fiction as scientific myth more than religious myth in which man holds the major power. Star Wars is a sheer story that talks about man turning evil and his son attempting to amend him. Basically it is a story about good and evil and set in some other galaxy in ano ther

Medical biotechnology and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Medical biotech and leadership - Essay ExamplePrior to the commencement of any project, one must consider the orthogonal environmental factors that whitethorn affect its outcomes. In this case, the paper will be looking at the carcinogenic effects of heavy metals. Certain political players may have liaised with industrial leaders in their option processes. They may frown upon researches that link these businesses to a health problem. Conversely, those who are interested in protecting their constituents rights may use results from this study to make laws that protect the citizenry (Morrison, forthcoming).Certain stinting factors will also be relevant to this study. The project will rely on moderate external funding. This will come from the church building around the study area. Such financial support will only be forthcoming if the economic environment in the country is favourable. Additionally, the sociological element in this study revolves around the problems faced by people who deal with heavy metal pollution. Persons in developing countries are exposed to heavy metals in fish, water, food and their occupations. Therefore, the ability to obtain such samples will be dependent on getting cooperation from locals (Grundy, 2006).The technological factors in the study project refer to the availability and ability to use scientific equipments needed. Knowledge of microscopy and immunofluorescence is exact in achieving this. Furthermore, the university already has these machines, so gaining access to them will be vital. There could be more forward-looking methods of studying DNA repair, so the researchers ought to familiarise themselves with these methods. Legal factors include the regulatory policies and laws that govern the disposal and word picture of the public to these heavy metals. If handlers of the materials are flouting laws, then this could be a legal problem (Turner, 2002).Finally, the study has an

CASE2-SLP 2 Writing about Issues and using Third person Essay

CASE2-SLP 2 Writing about Issues and using Third person - quiz ExampleHe highlighted the role of experienced PR people in handling these adventures through creating disaster management plans. This paper agrees with Sniderman (2011) that considering PR slips as disasters and dealing with them quickly, honestly, and taking everything not too seriously argon effective ways of managing them moreover, it is imperative to have a system that deals with PR problems in a proactive manner.Every PR slip is a disaster. Sniderman (2011) stressed the importance of treating PR slips as disasters, and this paper supports him, because without this thinking, these problems may not receive enough attention and time from the management. When this happens, a small smoke may crimp into a wild and uncontrollable wildfire because public relations officers think that these concerns do not warrant a quick response. It does not mean that everything small should be developed into sensational issues. Instead , it is about humanizing the organization and ensuring the formulation of sympathetic responses to those hurt and offended by social media comments or posts. In addition, thinking that PR slips be disasters guarantee that the organizations are always actively monitoring their social media sites. If they are conscious of their sites and how they are run, they ordure place themselves at a better position in handling these PR problems. These organizations also start more aware of the identity of their audiences, and learn more about their values, viewpoints, and goals in life. They may even gull that they can agree to disagree, as long as they do not openly spread shun or violence in their social media networks. The ultimate outcome is better PR relations with divers(a) stakeholder groups, whose beliefs and priorities may differ with the organizations.Quick, honest, and not too seriously are some of the characteristics of a good PR response to social media disasters. Quickness o f response is needed, but it should also

The Making of a Football Blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Making of a Football Blog - Essay ExampleThe agent is the one to usually generate the content of a weblog, or blog for short and simple terminology. exclusively blogs have a home on the internet somewhere. That home could be your own website, e.g. http//yoursite.com. But, your blogs home could also be upon a free blogging site, such as http//yoursite.wordpress.com or http//yoursite.blogspot.com. Even though you have a site for your football blog and be ready to generate content, you still must(prenominal) have a working knowledge of the subject matter that you be writing. For example, if you want to write active your favorite Premier League Football Club your blog could be called the United Ones, Manchester U, Manchester FC, United Biggest Fan, and so forth This would not necessarily be the name of your blog to which you would write stories, articles, interviews, game recaps, boxscores, matchup previews, etc. nigh Manchester United or your favorite Football Club. Generated content is the main thing that is on a blog. You do need to make sure that when generating the content that not only does you have the knowledge of the material that you are presenting, that you are accurate in your spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure. Lastly, you also want to make sure that the content indite on your blog is original and not a copy of anybody elses work without giving them the commendation they so rightfully deserve. Social Media and Blogs Social media can stomach for your blog to have increased visibility to gain you more pursual than you would have without the use of the social media that is available to you out on the internet. engine room allows us to get information at our fingertips instantly, and social media allows us to instantly connect with another soul from anywhere in the world. Using social media, like Twitter and Facebook, in conjuncture with your blog will allow your blog to be visible in places where it might not have othe rwise been seen or by people who otherwise would not go searching for it. Furthermore, the use of Twitter and Facebook can allow your followers to ask questions more directly and be able to give comments and advice to you about how to possibly improve your blog. Also, if you broadcast on using a blog with a lot of images within it, then it might be best if you had a photo streaming account with a site like Flickr. This might be useful for a blog about a football club, using images from the team in a photo gallery or highlight reels. With Twitter, you can even keep up with the game watch as it is being played down upon the field. Lastly, with the social media of today, you can link one with another so if you are tweeting about the game, then your Facebook account can receive those same tweets posted directly to your wall. Podcasts other way you can provide information on your blog to your followers is through the use of podcasts. Podcasts are essentially an audio format that is pos ted onto the web in either QuickTime, WAV, or even radiate formats. These podcasts can be downloaded and listened to upon an MP3 player for further listening pleasure. With this feature, you can place upon your blog a save interview you did with Manchester Uniteds star, David Beckham about the upcoming match with Wolverhampton about how he feels his club lines up with Wolverhampton.

One of the themes of block 5 is the way in which characters may be Essay

One of the themes of freeze down 5 is the way in which characters may be portrayed in prose fiction, and in drama. Select twain characters from different works studied - Essay ExampleEuripides and Shaw bring issue these traits by stomaching the characters to express their feelings, gift them social status which goes a long way in defining them as individuals and exploring their sensitivity. In this demand both writers have used direct as well as indirect methods of characterization.Euripides uses the technique of definition to give an insight into Medeas character and to provide a history of her background thus far. The view as delivers this introduction and at the very onset, we are able to divine her personality and a glimmer of the death she is capable of wreaking on those who unwisely cross her. According to the nurse, Her mind thinks in extremes Shell not put up with being treated badly, she is a creature of violent passions and has committed horrifying acts in the cre ate of love, but now her ardent love has soured and Shes a dangerous woman (Euripides, 2006)1. consequently his Medea creates a powerful impression even before she comes on stage. Euripides uses the essential tool of drama dialogue, to allow Medea to express her feelings and plans for revenge. Thus the audience manages to get first-hand information about her inner-most thoughts and emotional state. Further he allows her actions to babble for themselves. It is Medeas ability to act on schemes devised by a mind twisted by the hurt inflicted on her person that makes her particularly dangerous. Euripides makes her character convincing by revealing suitable provocation that goads her onto such(prenominal) dastardly excesses like murdering her own children.Euripides uses indirect characterization as well in his portrayal of Medea. The different characters react to her personality, thereby offering fresh insight into her character. For example there is a scene where Creon exiles her ou t of fear for the safety of his family. He tells her, youre a clever

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Example for Free

Mothers Against Drunk Driving EssayDrunk driving is a difficulty especi eithery for jejunes, be slip of peer pressure and some people feel that it is a funny scenario when they let a intoxicated driver take control of a fomite, but they dont receive the danger they are getting into. Many teenagers boozing because they believe it films them cooler and not all are aware of the affects of drunk driving. just about teenagers as well as think they have the ability of being invincible when it comes to getting behind the wheel and they dont realize they are drunk because of teen invincibility, they do not realize they are not only drawt themselves in danger, but others as well. It is very dangerous when someone gets behind the wheel of a vehicle low the influence. The pressures of being a teenager and trying to be popular or cool plays a large role on why drunk driving is a problem especially for teens. stir up One Identifying the Issue Statistics from research regarding t een crash rates One out of 10 children ages 12 and 13 uses alcohol at least once a month. In a single year, 522 children under age 14 were arrested for driving while intoxicated, (113 of them were under 10 years old). 70 percent of all teenagers drink alcohol.60 percent of all teen deaths in car accidents are alcohol-related. Every 22 minutes someone dies in an alcohol-related motor vehicle accident. Car crashes are the number one cause of teen deaths in the U. S. Drivers between the ages of 16 and 19 are four magazines more apparent to die in a crash than drivers between the ages of 25 and 69. Teens have the highest chance of having a mortal crash within the first six months of getting their drivers license. 2,739 teenagers died in car accidents in the United States during 2008. Teen drivers were involved in 12% of all fatal crashes reported to the police. Males are twice as samely as females to be killed in a crash while theyre teenagers. 37% of male drivers between the a ges of 15 and 20 were speeding at the time of a fatal crash. 55% of teens killed in car crashes were not using their seat belts. 31% of teens drivers were drinking alcohol at the time of their death. Teen drivers were involved in 63% of teen passenger deaths and 19% of passenger deaths of all ages in fatal accidents. 53% of teen deaths in fatal accidents occurred on the weekends and 41% occurred between 9 pm and 6 am. 5,864 fatal accidents involved teen drivers in 2008. This number is higher than the previous one because the teen driver often has to live with the guilt of causing someone elses death. How is one transcription or group trying to solve this problem? One organization trying to solve this problem is S. A. D. D. S. A. D. D. is an organization trying to solve the drunk driving problem by having presentations to inform students why they should not drink and how to resist peer pressure.They try to inform teens to try to stay away from alcohol and try to keep open other teens aware as well. Another organization working to solve this issue is MADD (Mothers against drunk driving). incite high-visibility law enforcement to catch drunk drivers and discourage others from driving drunk, they also wanted to require all drunk drivers to take a breathalyzer before they even start their engine of their car, they also support the festering of technology to determine automatically whether or not the driver is above the legal limit of .08 and flunk to operate if the driver is drunk. They are trying to eliminate drunk driving as a whole. sack Sites I found this information http//drivesteady. com/teen-driving-statistics http//www. alcoholalert. com/students-against-drunk-driving. html http//www. firsteagle. com/tdd. htm http//www. madd. org/drunk-driving/campaign/ Part 2 Solutions for the Issue Something else that should be through to friend solve or curb the problem. in that respect are many things that could be done to help solve or curb drunk driving, but a lot is already being done.I think another thing that could help curb or solve the problem would be to put up more billboards and have police officials come and talk to teenagers and children in the schools, I think they could also make television shows or commercials to help inform people to help curb this issue. I think this would be a easy way to reach out to teenagers especially about this issue and perhaps help solve it and also to make sure that everyone is aware of this problem.What can I personally do to make others aware of this issue? What can I do to make others aware of the issue? There are several things I am capable of doing to make others aware of this issue. To start of I would like to put signs around my school stating statistics about the affects drunk driving has on teens. I would also make an announcement on our school news to help get people aware of what the issue at hand. I would spread the word by telling friends and doing anything I can to help stop drunk driving, especially for underage drinking.

The rate of the reaction Essay Example for Free

The rate of the reaction Essay

Jack Shepherd Essay Example for Free

cuckoo Shepherd EssayABCs hit television series, Lost, portrays elicit sheaths. From all walks of life, the slips have one thing in common. They argon all stranded on a deserted island n primalwhere off of the airlines charted flight course. Forty- eight remaining passengers are impel together as a result of this terrible plane crash, the literary complication. As the plot continues, they mustiness all try to survive. A few of the survivors are badly injure, a few are hysterical, some are angry, and some are scared. No one appears to know what to do. sea dog Shepherd is the protagonist who represents the champion of the pilot episode.Through indirect passage, the writer presents Jack as a dynamic, round, and fully developed character. Jack Shepherd, as the protagonist, is a take-charge sort of guy who is the natural leader on the island, as illustrated by his actions early on in the episode. He calms a pregnant girl who is traumatized and having contractions, gives mou th-to-mouth resuscitation to an African American woman who has start leading, and he rescues, at the very last possible minute, a heavy-set guy and the expectant mother from misadventure when he sees the plane collapsing.They are both unaware of the impending danger, and almost in superhero fashion, Jack runs imbibe the beach and rescues them as the planes broken wing almost falls on the pair. The cause presents him as an unselfish character who takes care of the needs of others first before seeking help for his have wounds. The Jones 02 author gives the viewers a glimpse into Jacks background through his conversations with Kate, an attractive passenger, who sews up Jacks wounds with a travel sewing kit.He tells Kate that he is a doctor, which explains his helping of the injured people on the island. Through this conversation, we learn that Jack, almost a superhero is a normal human being. He shows fear and vulnerability by telling Kate the story round the horrible experience that he had with the surgical process of the 16-year-old girl. He shows strength by telling Kate his method for dealing with fear. The author is using indirect methods of characterization in presenting Jacks personality, and doesnt just tell the viewer just about Jack.Through demo the viewer Jacks full range of emotions, the author presents Jack as a round character who is able to push fear aside. This character is the most developed character in the pilot episode. As a fully developed character, we know more (through his conversations and actions in trying to save the injured people), about Jack than we do any other character. His main traits are stability, leadership, and emotional stability in a time of crisis. Jack is a dynamic character who changes based on his experiences.He talks about how he neer lets fear take hold of him anymore as he relates the story of the functioning mistake to Kate. He shares his method of dealing with fear, and she later uses that method for he rself later in the episode. I unyielding to give into the fear for 5 seconds and I counted 1,2,3,4,5, (Lost) Because of this experience in the past, he changed. Therefore we can scoop that he is a real character with real emotions who is affected by what happens around him.The author never becomes the simple narrator who tells the viewers about Jack. It is left up to the viewer to decide what kind of character he is based on Jacks actions. This is indirect characterization. The main character traits of this character are caring, control and sense of duty to help others. His emotions are in control. The author or screenwriter reveals this when Jack goes off to himself to examine the situation. The camera pans to a shot where Jack is surveying the situation and catching his breath from all that has just happened.His facial expression reveals that he knows that the group is in serious trouble, but he knows he must remain in control. Jack is a thinking character who actively begins i nquiring for answers. Through a flashback scene, the writer reveals to the audience through Jacks eyes, the moments before the crash. The epiphany occurs when he realizes that something very much more serious may be happening on the island, and they are all stranded in a very dangerous place.Jack Shepherd is the hero of the pilot episode. He confronts danger, takes charge, and begins to make decisions for the group. He does not let destiny control him. He seeks a solution to the problem, becoming a proactive leader. The author uses his presentation of Jack to show that he is a dynamic and round character who has caught the viewers attention, enticing them to tune in next week. Works Cited Pilot Episode. Lost. Abrams, Lieber, Lindelof. ABC. New York. 22 September 2004. Television.

Problem of Evil Essay Example for Free

Problem of fell EssayThe traditional line of condemnable e liquefys when people believe in and deliberate for the existence of a divinity fudge who is both omnipotent and wholly keen. fit to Mackies study (1955), few of the solutions to the problem of savage could stand up to criticism. Today, some(a) unity suggests an alternative perfection is not perfectly good, save maxim e veryy cool. By cool he means to be free from tenseness or violence. Since graven image is maximally cool, he is not so much concerned about either eliminating wretched or maximizing virtue than promoting coolness. This divinity appears to be logically valid, but this essay will show that the existence of such god is impossible.First, we should ask this if God aims to promote coolness, why would he bother to create evil? It is clear that evil is not cool, given that evil creates tension and violence. It may be replied that God is maximally cool and thus creates anything based on his will an d is not concerned with what happens to his creation afterwards. This reply is arguing that God created some cool thing which later consequently turned into the bad evil. thusly, the fact that uncool evil exists implies that God cannot make this uncool evil to be cool again, which contradicts with the insert that God is omnipotent.Secondly, good is also uncool. According to most theists, good is defined to be opposite to evil and thus evermore fights to expel evil (Mackie, 1955), so that good is in constant tension and possible violence with evil. Though the God in argument is claimed to be not perfectly good, this God is fluid good to a certain degree. Then he will still fights against evil and on that pointfore is not always cool. This runs us to conclude that this God cannot be maximum cool. This guy in defense of the existence of a maximally cool God might argue that uncool is necessary as a counterpart to cool.It seems lifelike and necessary to take up why thither sho uld be uncool things if God is maximum cool. He might argue that if there were no uncool, there could be no cool either, in that if there were no violence or tension to be created and involved in, there could be no violence or tension to be free from. It might be that out of randomness, God created evil that generates tension and good that engages in tension against evil. To detach from involvement in tension or to destroy tension might create some other tension and may incur violence. If God were to eliminate uncool things that he created, he would enter a tension surrounded by cool and uncool.Then, it would be uncool to make uncool things cool. Because God is maximally cool, he will not enter such tension and hence he leaves good and evil as uncool as they be. By claiming that cool cannot exist without uncool, this guy shows that God cannot create cool without simultaneously creating uncool. This sets a limit to what God can do, which involves 2 possibilities either God is no t omnipotent or that omnipotence has some limits. If it is the original case, then we can deny the existence of a God who is omnipotent and maximally cool. If it is the second case, one may argue that these limits are logically im first step.However, according to Mackie (1955), some theists hold the get word that God can do what is logically impossible, while numerous theists maintain that God created logic. This leads us to the conundrum of omnipotence, where we consider whether an omnipotent being can bind himself. According to Mackie, although we can avoid the paradox of omnipotence by putting God outside time, we cannot originate that an omnipotent God binds himself by logical laws. Therefore, it is a bad approach to prove the existence of a maximally cool and omnipotent by claiming that cool and uncool are counterparts to each other.To trade unionmarize, if a God is omniscience, then he must know the existence of uncool. If he is omnipotent and maximum cool, he will prom ote coolness to the maximum. However, we observe that there are uncool things which are against Gods will to promote coolness and which God cannot make them cool. Therefore, a God that is omniscience, omnipotent and maximally cool cannot exist. Works Cited J. L. Mackie, Evil and Omnipotence, Mind, New Series, Vol. 64, No. 254. (Apr. , 1955), pp. 200-212. In Pascals Wager, Pascal concludes that tenability acquires people to make for for god. He bases his argument on mainly three premises.The first premise is his construct of the decision matrix of rewards. The second premise suggests that we are readful by rationality to assign positive and not in mortalsimal probability to God existing. The third premise states that we are required by rationality to perform the act of possible maximum expect utility. This essay will argue that Pascals Wager does not demonstrate solid prudential reasons for us to believe in God, by showing the third premise is not necessarily true. We consider t hat it is not in all cases that we are required by rationality to maximize expected utility.In Pascals Wager, we impart one life to wager for God and obtain infinite expected utility. Paying finite kernel to play a game with infinite expectation appear to be at our interests and can therefore serve as a prudential reason for us to wager for God. However, in certain cases, this perform could be regarded as absurd and alternatively, and to the contrary, taking intuitively sub-optimal actions would actually maximize the expected utility. For example, the St. Petersburg paradox could be representative of this kind of situations. In the St. Petersburg game (Martin, 2011), we keep throw offping a funds until we get a coin.The native bet of flips, n, yields the prize which equals $2n. There are infinite sum of flips possible, so we put up infinite number of possible consequences. The expected payoff of each consequence is $1 and therefore the expected value of the game, which equal s the sum of the expected payoffs of all the consequences, will be an infinite number of dollars. Then, intuitively we will be uncoerced to play the game as long as we only need to pay a finite number of dollars, given that the expected value of the game is infinite. However, Hacking (1980) suggested that few of us would pay even $25 to enter such a game. If we were to pay $25 for the game, half of the time we receive $2 and one quarter of the time the game pays $4, so the probability to break-even is less than one in twenty five. Still, because of the very small possibility of the number of flips to be greater than $25, the expected payoff of the game is larger than the $25 payment. According to standard Bayesian decision theory (Martin, 2011), we should play this game. Then again, because of the very small possibility of getting high enough payment, it is very likely that we will need to flip a coin longer than our physical possibility.In that sense, it will be absurd to pay this finite amount and flip longer than physical constraints for the infinite expected payoff. Therefore, it is not always true that rationality will require us to perform the act that yields maximal expected utility. In the St. Petersburg game we experiment infinitely many trials which yield infinite expectation. In Pascals wager, we have a single-trial which also yields infinite expectation. It seems natural for Pascal to assume that expectation is a good guide to solve this decision problem.However, according to Hajek (2012), we need to take variance into consideration to make better decision, because in this one-time shot, a large variance could lead us to an outcome which is much worse than the expectation. When the variance is small, it is probable to get an outcome close to the expectation. However, the pass on the distribution of outcomes spreads out, the more likely it is to get a bad outcome, and the less compelling the third premise seems to be. Assuming that the expectatio n of wagering for God is infinite, we can calculate the variance of the outcomes of the wager.Given the infinitely good of the good outcome and the status quo of the bad outcome, the variance is infinite. In the case of an infinite variance, due to our risk-aversion, we might be better off choosing to minimize variance than maximizing our expected utility. Indeed, if f2 is made as low as possible, the variance of wagering for God would be much greater than wagering against God. If the probability of the probability of receiving infinite good, is made as low as possible, the resulted variance might make we deviate much further away from the expected utility in an undesirable direction.Both cases above could happen, and if they do, we would feel less compelled by our rationality to maximize our expected utility because the large variance could lead us to a situation that is much worse than expectation. To summarize, Pascals premise three is not necessarily true. This premise says that we are required by nationality to maximize expected utility where there is one available. However, the St. Petersburg paradox suggests that rationality does not always require us to maximize our expected utility. Furthermore, in consideration of large variance, expectation might not be a good measure of choiceworthiness (Hajek, 2012).Without the validity of premise three, we cannot draw the conclusion that rationality requires us to wager for God. Therefore, Pascals wager does not solidly demonstrate that we have prudential reasons to believe in God. Works Cited Hajek, Alan, Pascals Wager, The Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophy (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), URL = http//plato. stanford. edu/archives/win2012/entries/pascal-wager/ Martin, Robert, The St. Petersburg Paradox, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . Hacking, Ian, 1980, Strange Expectations, Philosophy of Science 47 562-567. According to Pollock (198 6), you might be a heading floating in a bathtub filled with nutrient fluid. You do not realize that you are a virtuoso in a vat because this brain is wired to a computer program that produces stimulation in brain to cause experiences that are qualitatively indistinguishable from normal experiences of being a human being. The problem lies exactly in that whether you are a brain in a vat or not, everything seems to be the same to you.Many philosophers have attempted to prove that you are not a brain in a vat and their approaches seem to be valid. Among those, Moores argument and Putnams argument are two influential but different approaches. This essay tries to show that you cannot use either of these arguments to prove that you are not a brain in a vat. trance going through Moores argument seems to be an easy way to show that you are not a BIV (brain in a vat), it is not problematical to show how this approach is flawed either. By Moores argument, first you open your eyes and fo rm perceptual knowledge that you have pass on.Then you deduce that you are not a BIV which does not have hands and thereby you come to know that conclusion. However, it should be argued in the first place that your senses are not reliable. As Descartes argued in Meditations (1986), while you might form the perception that you are wearing a dress in the dream, you are actually undressed in your bed. The flaw in the logic of this approach can be demonstrated in the following analogous story. You see an empty nut case on a table. The glass looks orange and in fact it is. You form perceptual knowledge that the glass is orange.You deduce that it is not neutral and filled with orange juice. You thereby come to know that the glass does not appear orange to you because it is pale with orange juice filled in it. By assuming that there is orange juice in the glass, you establish that the glass does not appear orange to you because it is colorless with orange juice filled in it. Here the p roblem is that there is no orange juice and you are trying to prove there is orange juicy by assuming its existence. For the same token, if you are a BIV, then the hands that you get the picture are hands* produced by one feature of the computer program.The premise asserting that you form a perception of hands is assuming that you are not a BIV and therefore can form a perceptual knowledge of hands. This is begging the question because we want to prove that we are not BIV. Therefore, you cannot prove that you are not a BIV by going through Moores argument. Another famous discussion is Putnams semantic arguments. One problem of this approach is the narrow scope of the arguments. Putnam started his arguments by drawing analogy between the mental image of a Martian and that of a BIV.Claiming that Mars does not have tree, Putnam established that BIVs utterance of tree has a different denotive from the referent of a non-BIV speaking of a tree. While it is possible that you have always been a BIV since you come into being, so you have never seen a tree that a non-BIV sees. It is also possible that you have lived certain part of your life as a non-BIV and then at some point you are made into a BIV. For example, if you recall in The Problems of Knowledge (Pollock, 1986), by the time that Margot tells Mike that he is a brain in a vat, he has been a brain in a vat for three months.According to Margot, Henry, or the brain in a vat that Mike sees, receives a fictitious mental life that fuses perfectly into Henrys past life. To merge perfectly, the language and its referents that the computer generates for Henry must be indistinguishable from those before his envatment. Similarly, if Mike has been speaking side of meat up until three months ago when he was envatted, his utterance of Margot after envatment must have the same referent as the one he had before. It must be that now his words retain the same side referents to the same contents in order to achieve a perfect merge (Brueckner, 2012).This perfect merge makes brain* in a vat* the same as BIV, which means whether you are BIV or not, you always speak English rather than vat-English. Because there are no differences in the languages between BIV and non-BIV, the semantic arguments have nowhere to start in this case. Unless you know with certainty that all BIVs have been BIVs since they came into beings, you cannot use semantic arguments to prove that you are not a BIV. To summarize, Moores arguments appear to be an easy solution to the problem of knowledge, but these arguments are begging the question and therefore cannot refute the brain-in-a-vat hypotheses.It seems that Putnams arguments are more compelling, but still they fail to rule out all possible versions of the brain-in-a-vat hypotheses. Therefore, you cannot prove that you are a non-BIV by apply either of these arguments. Works Cited Descartes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy. Indianapolis Bobbs-Merrill, 1960. Print. Pollock, John L. Contemporary Theories of Knowledge. Totowa, NJ Rowman Littlefield, 1986. Print. Brueckner, Tony, Skepticism and capacitance Externalism, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), URL = .

Sylvia Gregorio Essay Example for Free

Sylvia Gregorio EssayAs a trainee Im happy for the output that I have made. After a long education and great efforts just to make sure that this documentation were done very well, and when this portfolio were done all the degenerate that I had were relieved. I would like to thank first of all to god that gave me strength and their guide. Then to Sir Sherwin Sapin for broad us freedom and time to work this output, to my family and friends that gave me all their support, and to all employee of Experiment Station (IRRI). What have I learned from the experience? (Non-IT and IT)I have learned a lot in my facts of life regarding in IT with the big participation of the Experiment Station unit of measurement. My first job at the Experiment Station Unit is Unexpected. Im really not expecting that the first sidereal day of my training was mentally painful. My supervisor asked me if I weed make a chopine for their system. And what program language I am using. Then I tell I can crea te a several program in Visual staple fibre 6.0. Then she decided to give me a job and at that day Im not expecting that she assigned me to analyze the flow and flow process of a system. At first I am regretful and I ask myself, what is this? Why I tell to her that I can create a several program even though I really create a simple program but this is not a simple work it is totally mental painful. Well I had no choice at that day I had no idea what Im going to do with that kind of work.I am thinking and thinking and thinking. What appearance should the system have? How does the system can help the users and how did I going to start to create a system? Its seemed that my job here is really an IT related. And in the next other days little by little I execute a form. Im searching for the codes and designing it step by step. Until every passing day I I have always an additional usefulcodes, forms, layouts, and objects that completed my database system. Its sp pleasure to me when I a lways added a new useful tool for it but eventually like I said it not easy to create a database system. You need a focus on it and fortunately by my diligence and perseverance I presented the system that Ive made even if it is a simple system.The immenseness is it is useful, helpful and reliable to the users my supervisor was so proud at me specially me myself. Because Im fetching the name of my school thats wherefore I have the responsibility to promote it thats why Ive done my best to do what my supervisor assigned to me. When I always staring at the system that Ive done I always remember the unforgettable moments that Ive done in IRRI. At first it is mentally painful but eventually you also benefit on it. aside from making a system they were expecting that I have a great advantage in calculator technology. Thats why they always give me an activity in power point, excel, ms word, ms access, blushing mushroom and Im also installing a software sometimes.Because my profession is computer related I am always assigned at the computer field activities. When it comes from Non-IT job like paper works, means works and many more Im also doing this activities like file arranging, file updating, inventory, hodometer reading, seeds repacking, scanning, printing, laminating, phone call answering and many more.IntroductionThis Report is a compilation of all documents and experiences of the cogitate in Information Technology students namely John Lester Banasihan during his Training at the International Rice look into Institute (IRRI). This Report tells to the reader what they have done and what they have learned during his On-The-Job-Training. It tells the reader how memorable this training experience. It also tells the reader what he can recommend for the improvement of On-The-Job-Training Program and his advice to those who will take their OJT in the near future. This Report contains four chapters first chapter is History, Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives and also The Background of the Company where they took his OJT. Second Chapter, His Weekly promotion Report. Third Chapter is the assessment of OJT and the lastChapter is all the Pertinent Documents.

Gun Control Persuasive Paper Essay Example for Free

Gun Control Persuasive Paper EssayA hoagy hold in law is any law that restricts the use, purchase, or possession of any firearms (Conservapedia). These laws ar implemented to slenderise the use of firearms to authorized members of a states government. Each state in America has its aver laws regarding gun control however, among all, California has the plasteredest laws, scoring 81 out of a 100 (OMara). Gun control laws are necessary in a state because they decrease violence, increase governments bulwark in the state, and decrease the lethalness of other crimes. Gun control laws set up reduce violence and crime. In the coupled States, 67% of crimes in 2010 were committed with firearms (Rogers, 2007). This means that majority of crimes committed in America had guns and other firearms involved. If firearms are prohibited in the state, then in theory, crime rates will go dget by 67%. Guns have the ability to take someones life. Having that said, disallowing the use of guns ca n non solely decrease crime rates, but lower causalities as well.Ozanne-Smith et al (2004) arrived at a similar remnant in a study conducted in Victoria, Australia after examining the trend in the firearm-related deaths in the context of strong legislative reform. They found the followingSignificant and dramatic declines in rates of firearm related deaths occurred in Victoria and Australia after periods of strong legislative reform. Statistically significant reductions in firearm related suicides were ascertained after legislative reforms. In 2000, rates of firearm related deaths were less than two per 100 000 cosmos for Victoria and Australia compared with 10.4 per 100 000 population for the United States. In Victoria, reductions in the numbers of registered firearms of 25% and of licensed shooters of 15% were seen over the four years between 199798 and 200001 (Ozanne-Smith, 2004).Prohibiting civilians from using guns can increase the effectiveness of the law of nature in ones state. When a person owns a gun, in theory he can protect himself and therefore does not need protection from the police. Thus, he becomes independent. However, if a person is not allowed to own a gun, he becomes to a greater extent dependent upon the government for his safety and the police and the government now becomes more aware of the importance of their task in protecting their state.Lastly, the restriction of firearms can decrease the lethalness of crimes other than take and homicide. Often times, minor criminals like thieves and robbers commit their crimes with a firearm, when in reality the commission of their crime does not require it. They simply use the guns for self-defense. As a result, they are more likely to kill their victims kinda than just stealing from them. Therefore, they not only steal, but they kill as well. The prohibition of firearms can diminish a criminals ability from committing another crime by decreasing the probability of hit and homicide.However, firearms have its benefits as well. But if the aforementioned is not used in the right way, it will cash in ones chips to serious consequences including death. Thats why gun control laws are implied in a state to vex and prevent the misuse of such firearms.

Technology in Classrooms Essay Example for Free

Technology in Classrooms EssayTablets. Smartph wholenesss. Smart visiting cards. The biggest issue society exit have to side in the near future is effectively incorporating technology into public schools. thither is a mass of brisk equipment being thrown haphazardly into classrooms. But do t each(prenominal)ers know how best to use it, or ar they left drowning, trying to determine how to avoid the increased number of savant distractions that inevitably accompany it? This is the newest ch eachenge. How overmuch is too much?Technology has the potential to revolutionize the classroom if utilize correctly, but it could also be s incessantlyely detrimental to the reading of our students. Initially, the most difficult part is considering all of the possible uses for the new equipment. A tablet, for instance, is usually used for playing games, checking email, and using social media. For some subjects, it is easier to relate these uses productively to the curriculum than it is for others. A common example is English versus math.In an English class, a tablet throw out be used for projects, researching information, working collaboratively with other students via email, social media, or both. In a math class, this same tablet appears to be more of a hindrance than a help. Typing math symbols is more effort than its worth, games eer seem more interesting than learning the lesson, and there arnt usually research projects about algebra. scorn these obvious barriers however, tablets commode actually become a useful tool in all classrooms.There are many apps that send word aide in learning, and more are being created every day. cistron Factory, Picturing Fractions, and Khan Academy can all be helpful in a math classroom, especially on a review day. Khan Academy is especially useful for students, as it has coherent lessons for several different subjects, and many levels within each. There are apps for teachers as rise up, including some for supervise stud ents progress and aides for planning lessons. All in all, having tablets in the classroom for student use can be exceedingly beneficial. What about smartphones?Many students carry an iphone, an Android, or some similar device with them daily. How can they be used in the classroom? Several teachers choose not to deal with them at all because they can be such a distraction. Texting, checking social media websites, and playing games can interfere with learning, so these teachers suffice phone surrender, requiring students to place their phone in a designated container at the beginning of class each day and only retrieve them at the very end. While this does seem to help students focus, there moldiness be a way to use the phones productively instead.The same apps convenient for tablets are also obtainable for smartphones, so students can make use of online flashcards for studying, or watch video tutorials. Some students can school text faster than they can write, so taking notes on a smartphone could be potentially easier. If a student misses class and needs to copy that days notes, the camera feature can come in very handy. These phones can even record a lecture, eliminating the need for the old fashioned tape recorder still used by some college students. This recording can then be easily overlap with the class for those who are auditory learners.Instead of fleeing from these handy little devices, perhaps it would be better to embrace them in classrooms. Finally, there are new tools for the teachers. Just as document cameras eliminated the necessity for the overhead projector, smartboards are becoming more and more common replacements for the document camera. Not so long ago, a whiteboard that duplicate as a touch-screen computer was completely out of the question. They seemed like some technology to be acquired in the far distant future, akin to flying cars and teleportation machines.Now, theyre quickly working their way into classrooms, and its clock to consider how to practically apply them. Not all teachers have a class set of tablets or laptops at their disposal, but a smartboard is a good alternative. These interactive whiteboards can be used in many ways. First, they eliminate the need to scan notes onto the computer with a smartboard, notes can be immediately deliver to a folder on the desktop. This means no more scanners required in classrooms, as well as less hassle for teachers.Next, they can be used for lectures. The ability to switch between webpages and political platform windows with just a tap is priceless. Teachers are now able to switch over to an interactive visual on a website, then back to the notes, and then over to a short video, all without ever leaving the front of the classroom, and students can do the same while giving presentations. Allowing students to work examples on the board has always enhanced learning, and now these tactile learners can interact with problems even easier.In a physical science c lass, projectile motion can be easily demonstrated on the whiteboard by switching to an net profit window with a simulator and adjusting variables such as height, weight, and velocity to see the effects on distance and time. No more confusing diagrams drawn by non-artistic physics majors A geometry class could also discover 3D shapes more easily this way. The possibilities are endless. It just takes a little exploring to discover everything these interactive whiteboards can do for us, and that is a task the teachers are going to have to tackle soon.Technology is everywhere, and upcoming generations will be more immersed in it than ever. In the next decade or two, it is time to embrace it in schools. So many students could be benefitting from it if teachers would keep an open mind instead of becoming overwhelmed by the battery of new programs and equipment they find themselves trying to adapt to. Education is such an important topic because these students will one day grow up to le ad the country. The teachers job is to provide them with the best education possible to prepare them for the challenges they will face as adults in their lives and careers.

Need for collaborative projects in business courses Essay Example for Free

Need for collaborative visualises in ancestry railss EssayGroup stick outs be integral to the line of credit curriculum and great deal be physical exertionful in bob uping students skills and abilities as managers. However, faculty encounter some(prenominal) problems with assort projects, including assessing students struggles, aiding good communicating and coordination among members, and making sure the project is a truly collaborative effort. engineering whitethorn aid in addressing these problems electronic lay downion control planks and confabulate rooms, for example, dope assistant faculty and students get up quislingism and increase the office of throng members.Keywords Discussion boards, masticate rooms, collaborative encyclopaedism, student projects INCREASED spheric COMPETITION and former(a) changes in the business environment over the last several(prenominal) years fuddle led organizations to restructure themselves. One aspect of that restru cturing is a time outing of responsibility and decision making descending(prenominal) and a movement toward self-directed rick teams (Cohen, 1993). To prep ar students to thrive in this environment, we obviously command to educate them effective team construct and communication skills.This article describes two tools that fuck suffice accomplish this line of work, the electronic watchword board and the chat room. These jackpot foster interdependence in pigeonholing projects and deeper, active skill. First, we discuss the need for and hits of collaborative projects, the problems of group work, and the role of technology in such projects. We then propose recommendations for incorporating these electronic tools in business communication manakines. Need for Collaborative Projects in occupancy Courses.As many researchers get under unmatchables skin noted, the structural shift towards teams occurring in many organizations should be reflected in the schoolroom (Bobbitt, Inks, Kemp, Mayo, 2000). victimisation groups in class thus prep atomic number 18s students to work collaboratively in the business environment go promoting collaborative acquirement in the classroom itself. The start-off benefit of group work in the classroom is that it teaches students how to work collaboratively in the business environment.Business organizations repeatedly advert that the increased use of teams in the accredited world has increased students need for exposure and experience with teams (Buckenmyer, 2000). Companies that use teams creatively spend many hours and dollars training individuals to work in teams and training managers to manage teams. Through works in groups, students jackpot provoke their abilities in setting goals, delegating work, and dealing with conflict (Colbeck, Campbell, Bjorklund, 2000). They chamberpot overly improve their communication, leadership, problem solving, and technical skills.All of these skills ar highly rated by recr uiters and employers and will help graduates admit the demands and rigors of the workplace (McN everyy, 1994). The second benefit of group work is that these projects promote collaborative accomplishment. University educators need embraced cooperative learning methods as ways to engage students and to foster cooperation (Ravenscroft, 1997). Researchers wee-wee found that the values of Generation X ar highly individualistic, visu all toldy-oriented, and aligned with information technology, not with the sharing of information (Buckenmyer, 2000).Thus, group course projects, with kosher guidance, can help these students learn to deal efficaciously with other(a)s. Group work learning can be an splendid way of supporting(a) the development of higher cognitive skills in students (Thorley Gregory, 1994) and can be effective raze for relatively quiet group members. When groups work well(p), students consistently f atomic number 18 better in class, on tests, and in attitudes towa rds the teacher and each other (Jones Brickner, 1996).The quality of learning is improved by peer support, with students gaining experience in communication, negotiation, organization, and parturiency management. Cooperative methods mother been recognized as effective ways to motivate students to become actively involved in learning. The collaborative group project readys a gathering that allows students to take an active go on towards their own discipline. The security of working within a group provides an excellent entree into the progression to case-by-case and autonomous learning (Maguire Edmondson, 2001).Problems with Group Projects The many benefits of collaborative projects, however, are often offset by problems. First, a common problem is the failure of the group to work together effectively. Students may exert an individual effort but are unable to coordinate their efforts effectively with their group members to achieve any kind of interactive benefits (Tullar, Ka iser, Balthazard, 1998). Group members need to be contributing their ideas, questioning and learning from each other, and building on the efforts of the other members.For collaborative learning to occur, students must coordinate the diverse skills and abilities of their group members to address a complex task (Tullar et al. , 1998). A second problem is that often group members simply divide a project so that each individual writes a portion. Then, just before the project is due, the students bring in their disks and combine files without set up their efforts or talents effectively. Third, group work often leads to unequal pieces of members, resulting in hitchhikers and workhorses (Cottell Millis, 1993).These hitchhikers, besides called free riders and social loafers, can cause problems in the workflow of the group, as they do not do their fair share. Members of the group welcome difficulty addressing the free-rider problem and documenting the problem and their efforts to solve it (Gremler, Hoffman, Keaveney, Wright, 2000). The issue becomes one students word against anothers as the teacher tries to cook fair individual grades. Finally, group projects are often assigned without the allocation of class time for groups to develop cooperative skills or to become cohesive (Michaelsen, 1992).There is limited time in class to discuss both the needed topics and the mechanics of group management. In many cases, groups decent on evenings and weekends when faculty members are not available for assistance. Additionally, many group members are geographically and temporally dispersed, which makes organizing opposite group checkings difficult. The map of applied science in Enhancing Collaborative Learning Active and cooperative learning approaches will be counterproductive unless they are thoughtfully implemented and well supported. confabulation tools like raillery boards and chat rooms can be effective in inter-team collaboration as well as in faculty-student communication. These tools can help ease the problems discussed in the previous section. By solving these problems with technology, faculty can address three learning goals empowering students, improving their communication skills, and developing their ability to work collaboratively. Finally, these technological communication tools project teaching opportunities by allowing faculty to be more accessible to students and to track students efforts better.Addressing Group Project Problems Internet-based tools can be a awing help in coordinating team efforts, particularly when the team is geographically (whether by a few miles or a few thousand miles) or temporally dispersed (Kaiser, Tullar, McKowen, 2000). With technology, groups can meet either synchronously, using chat rooms, or asynchronously, using threaded countersign boards, in which group members add together to the group discussion at times convenient to their schedules over a defined time period.These tools modify every one in the group to talk at the same time or at their convenience by typing their comments into the forum that instantly distributes their comments. Additionally, strong personalities have greater difficulty dominating the group as everyone has equal access to the floor. Students may feel more comfortable presenting ideas this way than in a face-to-face meeting, and the quality and professionalism of their ideas may be higher, knowing that their participation is being monitored.The discussion forum also gives all students ample time for reflection so students responses are often more thoughtful than those in face-to-face situations. Studies have illustrated this level of increased and more evenly distributed participation from students in computer-supported groups (Tullar et al. , 1998). Addressing Learning Goals Projects provide opportunities for experiential learning, that is, students apply what they have learned to real-world situations and thus develop decision-making skills. But in doing so, projects often produce worry as students struggle to determine what answer the instructor wants.However, with these projects, whether it be a case, a report of a business issue, or a business plan, faculty are typically not searching for one right answer, but rather are concerned with the process that students use in solving problems. learn students to ask the right questions is thought to be more important than giving students the right answers. In the real world, there is neither one right answer nor is there a sage on a stage that can direct students to the right answer. Students need to learn how to find and to support the answers for themselves.The use of electronic discussion boards and chat rooms can aid student learning in the struggle by dint of the project process. Thus, three learning goals can be addressed through the use of electronic discussion boards and chat rooms with experiential group projects (1) empowering students to become active participa nts in their learning, (2) increasing students communication skills in describing and solving problems, and (3) enhancing students abilities to collaborate and work with others in developing their own resources in solving problems.To achieve these goals, education must involve interactivity among instructors, students, and the materials, and electronic discussion boards and chat rooms can enrich that interactivity. Providing Additional inform Opportunities Another advantage of these tools is the opportunity for faculty to participate in the discussions and e-mails. Faculty can use these tools to demonstrate concern for students and to provide additional accessibility and feedback.In fact, the transactional distance encourages faculty to maintain a facilitative role rather than an authoritative role (Moore, 1993). Finally, these tools make it easier for faculty and students to keep track of what everyone has said as there is a written record (Kaiser et al. , 2000). Students have the opportunity to reorganize and reshape their understanding of course content. The Web-based tools allow thoughts to be captured for future examination, elaboration, and extension. The end result is usually more robust and thoughtful discussions.In fact, threaded discussions can extend the time that both instructors and students invest in the course (Bruce Hwang, 2001). Recommendations for Using These Tools numerous universities are starting to use various computer course tools or platforms to promote online learning. These platforms, such as BlackBoard or WebCT, can be employ to design either Web-based or Web-assisted courses. For several years, we have used discussion groups and chat rooms in Web-based classes but have also found that communication can be enhanced in traditional classes through use of these tools.Since more business organizations are using electronic tools, such as Lotus Notes, to facilitate group meetings, using them in the classroom helps students further prep are for their careers. However, the wise faculty member will be advised that these tools should be used judiciously. Therefore, based on our experience, the following suggestions are made to faculty who are considering the use of Web-based tools. Discussion Boards teachers and students can compose and aim messages electronically on electronic discussion boards.Both public and insular discussion forums can be implemented. With many work out platforms, such as WebCT, faculty can set up public forums to start threaded discussions for the class to which the students can respond electronically. Students can use these public forums to post questions to which the entire class can respond, such as for help in finding information for the project. A project normally seems easier when the instructor is discussing it in class and few questions arise. However, students questions occasionally occur after class or on weekends.The discussion board allows the opportunity for students to post prob lems asynchronously and to receive input from the class. The burden is no longer on the instructor to solve every problem as it occurs but is on the students to work with each other as well as with the instructor in solving problems. This is a tremendous lesson for students to learn to deal with problem solving in the real world. When an employer gives an employee a project or task to do, he/she expects the employee to do it on his/her own and not ask for assistance from the employer every step of the way.Students have to learn to be problem solvers on their own, and the use of electronic discussion boards helps develop that skill. The professors role is to help get the conversation started. For example, the instructor can post a question on the public project discussion board asking at which sites people are having success finding information for the project. The students can then respond. Those students who respond in a useful manner will be rewarded, such as with a participation grade. Those students or groups who do not respond can be asked on the discussion board for their input.When students see the progress other students are making, they may be spurred to work harder. Additionally, the faculty need to check the discussion board frequently to see if any misinformation is being spread, to ensure netiquette is being practiced, and to summarise the conversation as needed. Finally, faculty can take questions that the students ask individually and request that the students post them on the discussion board. In that way the instructor only has to respond once, and similar inquiries can then be referred to that response.This will eve ntually build a culture in the class where the instructor is not seen as the sole source for information, and the students learn to work with each other in solving problems. Additionally, instructors can create secret forums to be used to divide students into groups for class exercises or for the use of asynchronous coordinatio n of group projects in which group members cannot all meet at the same time. The instructor can visit these public and private forums to track group progress, to encourage students to help each other to solve problems, and to provide assistance as needed after the students have tried first on their own.In the private group forums, the students are encouraged to use the board to organize group meetings, to post their research findings, and to post drafts of their work for their group members to see and make comments. The professor can encourage individual group members to post their contributions to the paper to the private forum for the other members to see and post suggestions. This would increase group collaboration in a manner that can be documented. After the group has collaborated on a draft of the project, the instructor can offer suggestions.Finally, instructors should consider requiring the groups to post progress reports on their efforts periodically during the term. These progress reports describe what the group has accomplished, what the groups plans are, if there are any problems, and if there are, how they are being addressed. The instructor should provide guidelines as to what the groups should have accomplished by the progress report dates so the students can determine if they are on track. While these reports could be leadted on paper, doing it through the discussion board makes it easier for group members to be aware of what has been submitted. Chat Rooms.With chat rooms, students can meet electronically at the same time no matter where they are, as long as they have Internet access. Each group can have its own chat room, with the instructor joining in from home or slur in one of several ways. The group can meet first and then have a designated time when the instructor logs in to answer questions. The instructor can will when the questions are answered or give the group time to discuss among themselves and then check back later. For project work, it is important that instructors periodically meet with student groups to answer questions, address problems, and provide guidance.The chat room may be a useful tool in meeting with students out of class. The students can meet with the instructor for a practice chat to get the students comfortable with the technology. The instructor can request that the groups meet with him/her several times during the term to discuss their progress. These meetings can be either in the office during office hours or during designated chat office hours, such as on Sunday nights when the instructor is at home. With traditional classes, groups should have the option to meet in person with the professor, particularly early on in the project.For those students who cannot come during office hours, the chat room provides an excellent way to interact, although instructors may want to set clear boundaries or proper(postnominal) hours for when they are willing to meet in the chat room. When the instruc tor is meeting with groups via chat, patience is needed. It can be confusing when everyone is typing in questions. While the instructor prepares an answer to one question, several more students questions can appear. The instructor needs to make it clear that he/she will discuss questions in the order in which they appear.On the other hand, there may be times when the chat room is silent while the students are preparing their questions. The instructor may want to prompt to see if there are any other questions but should give the students some time if needed. Finally, no one should log off until everyone has finished. Someone may be in the middle of preparing something to post and the silence is seen as the end of the session, or someone may have left the room for a minute and has come back to find an empty chat room. Therefore, a practice chat session may be helpful with these issues. Grading Student physical exercise of Discussion Boards and Chat RoomsGrading student responses in b oth the discussion forum and chat room can present challenges. Many times there may be a group grade for a project that is then adjusted for the individual students grade base on his/her contribution to the groups project. Additionally, students may be individually graded for their participation in the course. Some students will initially faint-hearted away from using the discussion board, as they would prefer to do things the way they always have and do not want to learn a new technology. Other students, particularly those who are too shy to speak up in class, may welcome this new opportunity.It is up to the instructor to provide the incentive to become involved. While a positive attitude may help the instructor in encouraging students, making posts part of their grade, such as a portion of their participation grade, probably ensures the best results. Instructor can grade the posting on several issues clarity of thought/grammer, quality of comments/critical thinking, and useful ness/participation in responding to other posts. In evaluating the group projects to determine individual grades, instructors often have students submit group evaluations.The information on these evaluations can be substantiated or compared to what has occurred on the groups private discussion forum and what has been documented in the progress posts. If a group member is not contribution, it is the responsibility of the group to choke this the instructor and to attempt to deal with the problem before the final project is submitted. The use of the discussion board and chat room can be a tremendous help in tracking a groups activities. This puts more responsibility on the students to document and address the issues before it is too late.It also aids instructors in making fairer assessments of individual efforts. To better manage the communication tools, instructors should set up clear guidelines for grading, such as describing how many new posts and response posts are required per we ek, as well as how often the students are expected to check the discussion board. For example, the professor may want each group to submit a bi-weekly progress report on its project. The instructor may also want to review netiquette as well as set limits as to how many posts students can make on public forums to avoid elicit the discussion board.The instructor needs to stress that it is the quality of the posts and not the quantity that counts and provide students with feedback to encourage its proper use. Finally, the instructor can also utilize student management tools that are included in the computing platforms like WebCT to determine when and how many posts the students are making. Additionally, search commands can be used to find all the posts one student has made in order to track an individual students progress. Conclusion Teamwork and group meetings are entrenched elements of an increasingly global environment.As a result, business faculty must prepare their students, as f uture managers, to collaborate with groups effectively. Electronic meeting tools, such as discussion boards and chat rooms, can bout a key role in that training. These tools can enhance and empower student learning and collaboration as well as increase communication and problem solving skills. By collaborating more effectively in school, students will be better prepared to collaborate effectively in the workplace (Kaiser et al. , 2000). These tools also offer additional teaching benefits. They are very useful in documenting student effort and accountability for fair contribution.They also provide a means for faculty to be conveniently accessible and to provide feedback outside of class time. Additionally, electronic tools help students learn to develop their own resources. These tools then can be a tremendous aid for faculty to address group project problems, to help their students achieve learning goals, and to provide additional teaching opportunities to interact with their stude nts. Thus, by using electronic discussion boards and chat rooms, such as with group projects, faculty can effectively enhance their students collaborative learning.References Bobbitt, L. M. , Inks, S. A. , Kemp, K. J. , Mayo, D. T. (2000). Integrating marketing courses to enhance team-based experiential learning. daybook of Marketing Education, 22(1), 15-24. Bruce, S. M. , Hwang, T. T. (2001). Web-based teacher preparation in visual impairment Course development, teaching, learning and quality assurance. Journal of Visual Impairment Blindness, 95(10), 609-622. Buckenmyer, J. A. (2000). Using teams for class activities Making course/classroom teams work. Journal of Education for Business, 76(2), 98-107. Cohen, G. (1993).New approaches to teams and teamwork. In J. R. Galbraith E. E. Lawler, III (Eds. ). Organizing for the future (pp. 194-226). San Francisco Jossey-Bass. Colbeck, C. L. , Campbell, S. E. , Bjorklund, S. A. (2000, January/February). Grouping in the dark What colleg e students learn from group projects. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(1), 60-83. Cottell, P. G. Millis, B. (1993, Spring). Cooperative learning structures in the instruction of accounting. Issues in Accounting Education, 8, 40-59. Gremler, D. D. , Hoffman, K. D. , Keaveney, S. M. , Wright, L. K. (2000).Experiential learning exercises in services marketing courses. Journal of Marketing Education, 22(1), 35-44. Jones, J. D. , Brickner, D. (1996). Implementation of cooperative learning in a large-enrollment basic mechanics class. ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings CD-Rom. Kaiser, P. R. , Tuller, W. L, McKowen, D. (2000). Student team projects by Internet. Business Communication Quarterly, 63(4), 75-82. Maguire, S. , Edmondson, S. (2001). Student evaluation and assessment of group projects. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 25(2), 209-217. McNally, J. (1994). Working in groups and teams.In L. Thorley R. Gregory (Eds. ). Using group-based learning in higher education (p p. 113-120). London Kogan Page. Michaelsen, L. K. (1992). Team learning A comprehensive approach for harnessing the power of small groups in higher education. To Improve the Academy, 11, 107-122. Moore, M. (1993). Theory of transactional distance. In D. Keegan (Ed. ). conjectural principles of distance education (pp. 22-38). New York Rutledge. Ravenscroft, S. P. (1997). In support of cooperative learning. Issues in Accounting Education, 12(1), 187-190. Reeves, T. (1996). Relevant readings.Technology in teacher education From electronic tutor to cognitive tool. Action in Teacher Education, 27(4), 74-78. Thorley, L. , Gregory, R. (Eds. ) (1994). Using Group-based Learning in Higher Education. London Kogan Page. Tullar, W. L. , Kaiser, P. R. , Balthazard, P. A. (1998). Group work and electronic meeting systems From boardroom to classroom. Business Communication Quarterly, 61(4), 53-65. Address correspondence to Jacqueline K. Eastman, Department of Marketing/Economics, College of Bus iness Administration, Valdosta State University, Valdosta GA 31698 (e-mail emailprotected edu).