Essay about The Awakening by Kate Chopin - 491 Words

The Awakening by Kate Chopin In â€Å"The Awakening† by Kate Chopin, the emotional state of the central character is often shown to the reader through the employment of literary techniques. Characterization helps draw parallels and contrasts between secondary characters and Edna Pontellier. Symbolism is used in order to outline Edna’s progression as a character. At the very beginning of the book, there is constant reference to a caged bird. This can be considered to be a reference to the â€Å"caged† life that Edna leads as a wife and mother in the late 19th century. The bird is described as speaking a common language and â€Å"also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the†¦show more content†¦It is a sad spectacle to see the weaklings bruised, exhausted, fluttering back to earth.† Edna must be strong enough to survive her uprising of sorts against traditional society. She would, however, rather be a wounded free bird than remain caged. Another reference to birds is the name of Ednas temporary home, the Pigeon House. Another important symbol is water. When Edna finally overcomes her inability to swim, she feels free and empowered. She has difficulty realizing that she cannot swim out as far as she would like to, i.e. she is not entirely self-dependent. It is thus ironic that she ultimately frees herself completely by drowning. Her suicide is her only option in order to not sacrifice herself. If she lived, she would have to give up her soul, and just as importantly, her voice. Characterization is important in â€Å"The Awakening† because it shows important contrasts between Edna and the array of characters that surround her. There are constantly a pair of lovers surrounding her, always very self involved and obviously in love. They serve to show her what her life, especially her marriage, is lacking. Mariequita helps show Edna a carefree spirit she is lacking. Her reactions to these characters outline her altering emotional state throughout the book. For example, her relief at her father’s absence shows her feelings towards being abandoned byShow MoreRelatedThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1479 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin’s controversial novel, The Awakening, ignited turmoil because of her blatant disregard of the established 19th century perspective of women upholding strictly maternal and matrimonial responsibilities. Edna’s candid exploration of the restrictions on women through her liberal behavior in a conservative Victorian society makes her a literary symbol for feminist ideals. Despite denunciation from other people, Edna chooses individuality over conformity through her veering from traditionalRead MoreThe Awakening by Kate Chopin1102 Words   |  5 Pagesveracity of this quote as both find their independence by boldly exceeding the norm. Their stories were fashioned during a period of great change and both characters are hallmarks of the hope and power women were unearthing at the time. The Awakening by Kate Cho pin and Tess of the D’Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy are novels concerned with the transformation of women’s roles in society. Their protagonists, Tess and Edna, are not outright feminists, but they are acutely aware of the limitations imposed uponRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1919 Words   |  8 PagesIn the novel, The Awakening, by Kate Chopin, we see how much of an importance the men in Edna’s life serve as a purpose to her awakening. Chopin is known to write stories about women who are unsatisfied with their lives while living in a life that is dominated by men. Other than Edna, the main men characters are typical men of the late 19th century era. Chopin shows how these three men are diverse from one another. The Creole men are Là ©once Pontellier, Edna’s husband, Robert, Edna’s mystery man numberRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin901 Words   |  4 Pagescandidly. Kate Chopin is honorably amongst this group of authors. Her works divi nely portrayed the culture of New Orleans and the lives of Louisiana s Creole and Cajun residents. Chopin openly express her views on sex, marriage, and the injustices of women during the time. Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, best exemplifies the contextual achievement of realism through the rejection of conformity, the exploration of love, and the weight of social opinion on individual choices. The Awakening is publishedRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1222 Words   |  5 Pages The Awakening By: Kate Chopin Emely Maldonado AP LIT Period 3 Topic 3 Maldonado 1 Displacement The late 1800s and the 1900s was a prison for woman’s individuality. During this time period, stereotypical views of women were commenced by society and men. In the era that the novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin was published, the gender roles were graved in stone, men would work to maintain their family and women would adhere to the house-hold duties. Dissatisfaction with theRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1193 Words   |  5 PagesDavian Hart The Awakening By: Kate Chopin AP Literature Topic 3 Hart 1 Over the course of time the male species has always been the gender to attain the more favorable conditions. Numerous cultures heed to the belief that the man is the provider and head of his family. This machismo nature can condition the mind to believe that a man should feel superior to a woman. The continuous cycle of male superiority flows down from father to son subconsciously. Do to this unceasingRead MoreThe Awakening, By Kate Chopin887 Words   |  4 Pages Feminism has been a term used by many authors and writers for centuries, symbolizing women being able to use freedom the way they want to, not the way others want them to use it. Edna Pontellier, the main character in Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening, experiences an â€Å"awakening† in her life, where she discovers her position in the universe and goes in this direction instead of what others like her husband Leonce tell her to take, similar to the style of feminism. â€Å"In short, Mrs. Pontellier was beg inningRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1427 Words   |  6 Pagessuffering an imposition (Moderata). Throughout history, the inherent inferiority of women to men has often been cited as a way to deter women from becoming an individual and pursuing more in life. This notion is a prevalent issue in The Awakening by Kate Chopin; in which Edna fights to live her own way and is ultimately unable to survive in the cage of society. Not only has this supposed inferiority effected women for generations, but it has created inequality in our society today; especially inRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1633 Words   |  7 Pages1. Title of text (underline novels/plays) author’s name The Awakening by Kate Chopin 2. Characterization Character Development (a) 1.Edna Pontellier- Edna is the main character of the novel who is married to a businessman. Edna is a dynamic character because at the beginning of the novel, she conforms to society by being the â€Å"perfect† mother and wife; however, Edna suddenly realizes that she is no longer happy with the way she was living her life and began to become independent only for herRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin915 Words   |  4 PagesMany of Kate Chopin’s writings are trademarked by her unique, deliberate word choices. Chopin uses phrases that do not make sense and seem to contradict themselves to get across a point. In two of her stories, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and â€Å"The Awakening,† Chopin’s word usage highlights the idea of self-discovery. â€Å"The Awakening† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† share similar themes. â€Å"The Awakening† is the story of a woman in the late 1800s discovering her apathy for her traditional female role as a wife

Katniss Everdeen The Greatest Heroine of Our Generation

Throughout all of human history it is noted that most heroes are male, be it fictitious or in real life. Webster define a â€Å"hero† as â€Å"a man of distinguished courage or ability, admired for his brave deeds and noble quality but thats mean that women can’t be heroes too. Katniss Everdeen at â€Å"The Hunger Games† exhibits all the characteristics of a real â€Å"hero†. Her appearance fools foes as a weak and easy target to kill. Katniss’ has many abilities but her mind is her greatest power. She exemplifies that women can be heroes and one don’t need to be perfect to be a hero. Katniss Everdeen is our greatest hero of our generation. In appearance, she may look like just any ordinary, innocent teenage girl in District 12. She normally wears her hair in a long braid down her back. Katniss is thin and not very tall but quite strong for her size from hunting to feed her family in the woods outside District 12 with Gale, a childhood frien d. She has straight black hair, olive skin and grey eyes, which are typical characteristics of the seam; the poorest area of District 12. Characteristics that have helped her deceive her foes. As she meets Cinna in the Capitol, he designs amazing dresses for Katniss. First, it was a dress that has fire burning on it for the Tribute parade. Then it was her supposed to be wedding dress but as she spins around and around it turns into a Mocking Jay costume. During the games, Katniss wears a body suit and carries around essentials to survive in the arena like

Public Fear of Terrorism Free Essays

Introduction Terrorism has become a global challenge, which must be fought by collaborative efforts.   Indeed the war against terrorism takes many forms and shapes.   For instance while traditionally the homeland security has been concerned with fighting terrorism from a military point of view; there is a need for it to be empowered to better deal with terrorism from different dimensions. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Fear of Terrorism or any similar topic only for you Order Now A new challenge is emerging; that is, the way the media is handling the terrorism and especially how it reports and covers terrorism incidences. Media plays a very important role in shaping public opinion in many issues including terrorism.   Media coverage of terrorist activities shapes how terrorism events are constructed in the minds of the public.   Of late there are clear indications of general fear in the public to the extent that, whatever the media reports, is seen as a representation of the real situation on the ground.   There is alot of freedom in the media. With so many freelance journalists who are eager to make an extra dime at the expense of the general public. Indeed, there is little control over the journalists especially the freelance journalists.   The criminal justice has little control over the sifting of information to the general public.   The seemingly free-flow for news in the media means that, whoever comes out with the ‘best’ news is likely to receive the most attention.   The craving for news has seen the freelance journalists keen on making quick money violate journalism code of conduct and therefore failing to put into consideration professionalism but become only concerned about getting the most enticing news. Unlike in the past when the media would take the time to censor the news they released to the public, nowadays some television channels air some uncensored images.   This has greatly impacted negatively on the media authenticity.   Some media houses are less concerned about the moral implications of such images to the general public. Irresponsible coverage of terrorism activities affects the public by inflicting fear amongst the public especially the uncensored images and broadcasts zoomed by television channels and the internet.   The consistency with which such images are aired has also come to have a bearing on the increased fear levels amongst the general public. Indeed most media houses flout media rules and are only concerned with getting the mission accomplished.   The criminal justice has largely become incapable of reigning on the media.   This can be explained by lack of effective laws to deal with emerging challenges.   One area where law enforcers are facing challenges when it comes to reigning on offenders who violate the media laws is the fact that, some of the sources of the media images and reports which turn out to have negative effect on the general public originate outside the US and those local media houses which air them bear no responsibility as they act as third parties and are in no way responsible for the contents of the reports (White, Jonathan, 2006). With globalization the world has become a small village whereby information is exchanged within a very short time. As a result, most of the information which reaches the American public, does not necessarily originate within America media.   The truth of the matter is that, Americans have a choice to tune into any media channel they feel free to. This is not in any way regulated by the state and as such, what the public consumes in terms of information cannot be filtered by state law enforcement agents (Nicholas, William, 2005). Taking the example of international media houses, which broadcast, to the whole world, they are in the first place not bound by the American laws nor can the American public be denied access to such.   As a result, whatever information they broadcast concerning terrorism ends up being consumed by the American public.   This is very hard to regulate.   The advancement of the Internet has brought with it very complex challenges especially in terms of authenticity. It is very hard to know which source to trust.   With the craving for news, the public tends to search for any site, whether incredible or not which purports to inform the public.   There are many bogus websites which go to the lengths of capturing live some terrible terrorism activities such as beheading of those captured by terrorists.   As a result, this has really formed a great avenue for fear amongst the general American public.   In addition, there are not many programs or efforts designed to pre-empty the propaganda which some websites linked to terrorists desire to perpetrate in the American public. The other major problem is the fact that, the laws governing the internet use are at best lax and are not effective to deal with those who decide to use the internet as a media of perpetrating fear amongst the general American public.   Efforts of the government to curb the use of Internet as a propaganda tool led to the introduction of amendments to the privacy acts.   As a result, the government has come under fierce criticism for infringing on the rights of people to access information.   This shows how challenging the fight against the phenomenon has become. In addition the media has strong unions here in the US which means that, it is not easy for the criminal justice to intervene even in cases where it is evident that, the media is causing a great measure of suffering to the public through the broadcasting of information which is uncensored.   The homeland security has a duty to intervene in the dilemma but only to the extent whereby the source of such negligence lies within its jurisdiction.   Globalization and a culture of consumerism in the American society makes it impossible for the homeland security to impose any meaningful checks and balances to protect Americans from suffering from the fear that has gripped the general American public (Nakaya, Andea, 2005). Indeed, the public cannot be practically protected from the effects of bad media practices today.   It is up to the public to learn to choose what they can listen to or watch. Recommendation for solving the above problem include; the enactment of tough laws which would see only the most professional media houses get the licence to broadcast in the US.   In addition the homeland security should engage in awareness campaigns meant to make the public to understand that, not every media source has credible and correct coverage on terrorism and that some media sources are actually being used by terrorists for propaganda purposes and believing in them is giving credibility to the terrorists.   In conclusion, there is a need for the criminal justice to work with the information department to reign on the media houses which if unchecked are likely to continue inflicting fear on the public and therefore affect public support on the war against terrorism. Reference Nakaya, Andea, C. Ed (2005).   Homeland Security.   Detroit:   Greenhaven Press pp. 191. Nicholas, William C. ed. (2005). Homeland Security Law and policy.   Springfield.   Pp. 377. White, Jonathan. (2006). Terrorism and Homeland Security.   Wadsworth (5th ed.).   California:   Thomson. How to cite Public Fear of Terrorism, Essay examples

Agnes free essay sample

As they say, different strokes for different folks. When most people learn that one of the two greatest loves of my life is my cat, they either laugh or give me one of those isnt that cute smiles. But, truth to tell, shes just perfection in a cute little black body. Any animal lover would agree with me. However, you dont have to be an animal lover to appreciate the love offered by a pet. My cat, Agnes, is very special to me. I remember the day I brought her home, on a trial basis, of course. Well, six and a half years later shes still here. She has become one of my best friends. Some people probably couldnt imagine the two of us sitting outside watching the night sky and discussing my problems. But its true, because I know she understands. Even though she cant give me any advice, most of the time, I see it in her eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on Agnes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Though she is the most dominant, Agnes isnt my only pet. We have two other cats, her kittens. We also have two ferrets, Cochise and Zucchini, an iguana, Charlie, and fish, nameless for now. My love for animals has necessitated this homemade menagerie, and my personality has reveled in it. Nowhere else will I find somewhere to be myself, talk about my problems and have a good time, than in the midst of playing ferrets, sleeping cats, swimming fish, or a serene iguana. All these pets are important to me, just as a pet is important to any person. No matter which one is right for you, any pet is a lifelong friend. Who do you talk to when youre blue? Who will always listen to you complain without talking back? Who will always be with you, whether in your heart or on your lap? Who is easy to repay with the simple brush of a hand? Only the name of your pet answers all these questions.

Create Your Own Political Party Essays - Womens Rights,

Create Your Own Political Party Changes. Changes everyone is looking for changes. Will you ever find changes? I guarantee change. I will change Welfare by making it easier to aquire and most effective. Business will also see this change by being more controlled and safe for you and your family. Abortion options will be exposed to my Changes. I will improve Victims Rights therefore making our country feel safe. Health Care will not be a problem after my changes. Immigration will be safe and easier. I also propose a change on E.R.A (equal rights amendment). My plans for changing Welfare are simply to make it available for people making under $10,000 a year (or an extreme case) to inquire Welfare. A family on Welfare has the option also of confidentiality. Every family on welfare Gets a sum to make their income equal to their current income to $20,000. A family is eligible for welfare for 2 years, with career counseling or until the family's income is steady and at least at $20,000. Health Care will no longer be a problem to this country. I will make sure of our country's wellness. My plan is to File every person Name Under three different categories: Extreme, Non-Extreme and Normal. It will be mandatory that everyone has a check up, which includes Dentist, Eye Doctor, Physician along with a full body xray, every 6 months. Everyone who joins the army list gets health insurance and people with extreme case. In the area of Immigration I will open up all borders. For an Immigrant to come into America They must have full firm searches on his/her backgrounds. They must join army list or have been mistreated. After one Year government checks out the status and has a right to deport if a necessity. Due to weak Victims Rights as of now I feel we should really set down harsh laws now. A victim will also have a say over offenders punishment, although still being approved by judge. Yet ALL convicted parties have a right to recourse. The Abortion Law is a very controversial issue. I feel it should be Women's Rights all the way. If in a case where he mother can be talked out of Abortion to Adoption then the mother will receive full coverage on medical bills plus the option of the birth control pill. In addition I would like to have an extended E.R.A (Equal Rights Amendment). I believe this step is necessary to promote order and justice to our country. I would like to Strongly in-force E.R.A by using very strict discipline. In other words Nobody African-Amrican, Caucasian, male o Female should be treated different. If so the offender will face jail and service time. Service Time will be where the offender works for one year as a waiter, butler etc. The offending party will also Get his right to vote taking away during this period of time. Will You ever have change in your government? Yes, when you cast your vote for the only way to change for the better. Make a change with your vote and help our country. Governmental Issues

The Sting - Comparison to Huck Finn essays

The Sting - Comparison to Huck Finn essays There is one thing that the King, the Duke, and the characters in The Sting have in common, and that is the ability to lie and cheat so well to make a living off doing it to others. The King and the Duke travel around and find vulnerable locations where they feel it will be easy to con the people that occupy the land. Robert Redford and Paul Newmans characters look for high rollers that believe that no one can touch them, and steal thousands of dollars from them using all the possible skill and help they can get. These two pairs of cons have the ability to deceive almost anyone they meet. The King and the Duke took advantage of people by traveling around and using their joint skills of printing and performing, they did a very good job taking money away from the townspeople. What they would do is create hype and persuade people to go see their performances with advertisements posted around the town. Then, when performance time came they would do a poor performance of whatever it was they promised to do, take the money, and not think twice about giving it back. Gandorff and Hooker take advantage of people, but the difference between these men and the King and Duke is that they do not cheat the innocent, but only cheat the cheaters. By spending long hours planning their moves to bring the other man down, they carry out the plan almost flawlessly and achieve their goal by misleading their victims and deception. Although stealing is not the best way to earn a living, these two men cheated without including innocent civilians as the ones to be cheated. ...

Cognitive development theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cognitive development theory - Essay Example There are two perspectives in adult cognitive development. These are contextual and dialectical thinking. Dialectical thinking is shown, by reasoning and discussion, to create a meaning of the complexities and contradictions adults has to deal continually with them. It holds that dialectical sense thinking enables acceptance of alternative ways or truths of thinking on similar phenomena, which, in everyday life, abounds. Dialectical thinking involves a process of logical thought through which adults can take what, on the surface, may seem contradictory positions. Contextual approach shows how cultural, social, political and economic forces play a role in shaping adult thinking development (Dunkel & Sefcek, n.d). This approach argues that the contextual factors may constitute what affects cognitive development of an adult. I carried an interview on a respondent who showed various issues. I asked questions such as what is your name? How old are you? Have you a spouse? Do you have a hou se? Do you have problems paying fees? Do you drink? Do you have children? The respondent was 30 years and was married. He lived in a rented house and claimed that he had not enough income to settle his expenses including rent, electricity bill and payment of school fees. He also confessed that he occasionally did drink. I had to analyze this situation using contextual approach in order to understand my client. My client had issues in learning which were due to the situation he was undergoing. He could not concentrate because his focus shifted from time to time on the problems he was facing. Such a person needs help in learning to concentrate on issues at hand. I advised him to learn to avoid the thoughts about his problems whenever they came as he engaged other activities. While taking a contextual approach one should consider these social, economic, political and cultural factors rather than taking chronological factors as guiding tools for comparison. Contextual approach would arg ue consideration of contextual factors that have influenced behaviors rather than just evaluating behavior on its surface. Contextual approach plays a critical role in understanding issues and life events in a person’s life. Background, including family of origin, school, friends and place where raised determines the thinking pattern of an individual. For instance, an adult may be truant because of influence from peers. Family situation and a person’s age are also contextual factors that determine an individual’s decisions. For example, a married individual would take different courses from that of unmarried one. When a person reaches some age, he or she would like to act in some way according to what applies most to that stage. Consideration of prior and current learning experiences is a factor worth considering. An individual who has undergone formal learning would not act the same way as one who has not. An individual undergoing formal learning at present suc h as a college student will make decisions mostly as per his or her status quo. For instance, a woman would choose not to have children until she finishes her degree education. Similarly, a young adult man might not marry until he has employment in order to get some economic stability. Current life issues also play a role in an individual’s thinking. An individual experiencing adverse social issues may resort to certain behaviors in order to get relieve. For instance, a person can resort to drinking in an attempt to do away with disturbing thoughts. Past life issues and how the individual confronted them also matter in this case. Lifespan Ego Development Erikson’

Financial Analysis for Managers Research Paper

Financial Analysis for Managers - Research Paper Example c. Which project is most attractive to a firm that can raise an unlimited amount of funds to pay for its investment projects Which project is most attractive to a firm that is limited in the funds it can raise c) Project B would be the choice for a firm with no hassle in arranging funds. The reason being that though the project has a lower Profitability index and even a lower NPV but its consistent cash flows could be attractive for big investors. Such investors are called Mutually Exclusive. How ever when the funds are limited, then Project A would be the choice as the Profitability Index and NPV are both favorable and this shows the best method to use the funds efficiently. Kinky Copies may buy a high-volume copier. The machine costs $100,000 and will be depreciated straight-line over 5 years to a salvage value of $20,000. Kinky anticipates that the machine actually can be sold in 5 years for $30,000. The machine will save $20,000 a year in labor costs but will require an increase in working capital, mainly paper supplies, of $10,000. The firm's marginal tax rate is 35 percent, and the discount rate is 8 percent. Should kinky buy the machine .. = $ 12.17 Thus from the calculations it is evident that Project A has a higher NPV. b) Profitability Index Formula = Present value of the cash flows/ initial investment. Profitability Index for Project A = (18.182 + 16.528 + 15.026)/36 = 1.38 Profitability Index for Project B = (22.7275 + 20.66 + 18.7825)/50 = 1.24 Hence the Profitability Index for Project A is higher. c) Project B would be the choice for a firm with no hassle in arranging funds. The reason being that though the project has a lower Profitability index and even a lower NPV but its consistent cash flows could be attractive for big investors. Such investors are called Mutually Exclusive. How ever when the funds are limited, then Project A would be the choice as the Profitability Index and NPV are both favorable and this shows the best method to use the funds efficiently. Q.23. Project Evaluation. Kinky Copies may buy a high-volume copier. The machine costs $100,000 and will be depreciated straight-line over 5 years to a salvage value of $20,000. Kinky anticipates that the machine actually can be sold in 5 years for $30,000. The machine will save $20,000 a year in labor costs but will require an increase in working capital, mainly paper supplies, of $10,000. The firm's marginal tax rate is 35 percent, and the discount rate is 8 percent. Should kinky buy the machine Ans. 23 In this Project evaluation, we will go step by step to analyze the acceptance of this machine by the firm. First we will take in consideration all the costs of this project. 1) The Depreciation cost. Depreciation (Straight Line) formula = Total cost - salvage value/number of years to be used. Depreciation for the copier = 100,000 - 20,000/5 = 16,000 Thus the total

Merit Pay For Teachers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Merit Pay For Teachers - Research Paper Example (3) Pay for performance, or merit pay, for teachers can solve both problems. â€Å"Money plays a major role in educating America’s students,† state Kaplan and Owings in American Education: Building for a Common Foundation. â€Å" For the 2008-2009 school year, nation-wide public education at all levels cost one trillion dollars...When it comes to quality education, we as a society can pay now or we can pay later...It is a critical investment in a community’s—and our nation’s—infrastructure.† (Kaplan 2010) Assuming that we want to take the wiser course and pay now, thus avoiding future economic catastrophes, one of the things we need to do is to increase teachers’ salaries while also encouraging them to be more effective in the classroom. Texas Six years ago student scores at Audelia Creek Elementary School in Richardson, Texas, were among the worst in the district. More than a third of the teachers left. Now, thanks to TAP, the Teacher Advancement Program, Audelia’s students have some of the highest scores and teachers seek to work at Audelia. TAP is a national teacher evaluation and training program that includes annual cash bonuses for high-performing teachers. Teachers of each grade level meet regularly and are led by a master teacher who trains and evaluates them. One meeting, for example, focused entirely on how to teach students to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. â€Å"It’s not the sandwich, it’s the process,† the principal explained. For a teacher to know whether a student understands a reading assignment, she needs to ask the student to re-tell the material. But that's not a process that comes naturally to many kids. So the teacher has to "pre-tell," modeling the steps that students would take to organize their thoughts in order to re-tell material they've heard. For the Richardson district, teachers who hit the minimum TAP targets get an extra $2,000. But the b onus could be as much as $3,500. Over the past two years, most of Richardson's TAP teachers got around $2,800. "It's the best teaching model I have ever seen," one teacher said. "But it's not for the faint-hearted." In 2010 Audelia was awarded the annual $50,000 TAP Founder's Award by the California-based National Institute for Excellence in Teaching. The State of Texas gave its blessing to districts to find their own ways to strive for excellence. District Awards for Teacher Excellence (DATE) programs were first implemented in Texas districts during the 2008-09 school year. The program is currently in its third year of operation with approximately $197 million in annual state funding. All districts in the state are eligible to receive grants, but participation is voluntary. The National Center on Performance Incentives at Vanderbilt University found that student achievement has improved and teacher turnover has declined in schools participating in the Texas state-funded DATE progra ms. Colorado Denver’s move forward in 2005 has been called both â€Å"the nation’s most ambitious teacher pay plan† and â€Å"making pure dumb luck work.† In 1990 the Board of Education first negotiated into labor agreements the formation of committees to study merit pay. There was not much enthusiasm. On November 1, 2005, Denver voters approved a $25 million property tax increase tied to ProComp, a program of merit pay for teachers. ProCamp has four components: student growth, market

Effects of School Funding on Student Academic Achievement

Effects of School Funding on Student Academic Achievement Education Policy Analysis Maya Boyle Mike  Robinson Introduction Background For the past 50 years, SAT scores for high schools across the nation have been steadily falling. Because the SAT is a fairly consistent method of testing the academic aptitude of high-school age children, this trend is concerning. As it stands, by the standards of the College Board, high school academics are preparing students less and less adequately for the rigours of secondary education. This paper seeks to address what policy initiatives can be taken by states to raise these scores. Research I hypothesised at the beginning of the study that per capita expenditures on primary and secondary education would have a significant effect on SAT scores. By using multiple data sets: population data from the US Census Bureau, education expenditure results from the Department of Education, a partial data set from STATA, and participation levels by the College Board, I amassed a collection of variables that I considered to be most valuable to determining the relationship between state education policy and SAT scores Mean scores of college-bound seniors The SAT Stacks of college test prep books Basic Conclusions By analysing what I determined to be the most significant factors affecting SAT performance, I concluded that the factor which could most effectively boost SAT scores came on the heels of SAT participation. SAT scores were strongly correlated with participation levels. A greater percentage of high school students taking the exam in each state resulted in a weaker performance. A disproportionately high number of high-scoring participants take the SAT whether or not initiatives are undertaken by state governments or schools to boost participation. Those students typically score higher. The increase in participation of students taking the SAT will come from a portion of the population who otherwise would transition straight to career paths out of high school. Education initiatives typically give these students an opportunity to take the test, and these students typically score lower. Ultimately, from a policy perspective, the best way to boost scores is to ready the portion of students who are being given the opportunity to take the SAT through funding and other education initiatives. It is useless for them to take the exam if all it does is prove that they are not ready for college. Literature Review Zajonic, Robert B., Bargh, John A. Birth order, family size, and decline of SAT scores. American Psychologist 79.1 (1989): 179-197. http://www.apa.org. Web. 4 Dec. 2012. The survey of SAT scores and birth order demonstrated that a negligible fraction of the decline in SAT scores can be explained by changes in family dynamics. In general, SAT scores showed little variation with birth order and family size, which was far less than that which was found in other data sets. Murray, Charles, and Richard J. Herrnstein. Whats Really behind the SAT-Score Decline?. Public Interest 106 (1992): 32-56. This survey of SAT scores and population distinguished between the separate populations of high school students who took the SAT and those who did not. Suggested that the greatest effect on the SAT-score decline was the regression of academic capabilities of high-school age teenagers. This possibly came from the ‘dumbing-down’ of textbooks Wharton, Yvonne L. List of Hypotheses Advanced to Explain the SAT Score Decline. (1976). The hypotheses analysed in this study suggested that changes in schools, society, population, and an increase in problems with the tests themselves are the greatest contributors to the decrease in SAT Scores. A list of variables: â€Å"The first major category (changes in the schools) is further broken down into hypotheses related to curriculum, institutional policies, teachers, and students. The second major category (changes in society) lists hypotheses related to family, religion, civil rights, crisis of values, national priorities, economic, labor movement in education, and technological changes. (Abstract)† Model Objective In this report, I will attempt to determine which two variables would most significantly positively effect mean SAT scores in college-bound high-school adolescents. An exhaustive list of the variables I used were: Mean Composite SAT scores, Mean Verbal, Mean Math, Geographical Region (dummy variable), Population, Per pupil expenditures (primary and secondary education), Government education spending, Median household income, Percent of High School graduates taking SAT. Models The primary models I used to determine which two variables that could be affected by state education policy were: Regressing SAT scores against government spending and income Regressing SAT scores against state population and percentage of high school students who took the SAT Regressing SAT scores against per pupil expenditures on primary and secondary education and percentage of high school students who took the SAT Finally, I developed a model with each of the variables that ultimately seemed most relevant: Regressing mean SAT scores, controlling for population, per pupil expenditures, median household income, and the percent of students taking the SAT. Hypothesis Before I ran the regressions, I hypothesised that the main factors affecting SAT performance would be median household and per pupil expenditures for primary and secondary education. I anticipated that states with a higher portion of domestic wealth would score better because there would be more local money going into infrastructure, and assumed that states with higher levels of spending on primary and secondary education would be higher because they reflect a greater education initiative. Methodology/Data Testing the Hypothesis For each regression, I focused most specifically on the coefficient, t-statistic, and r-squared result. Regression 1 I hypothesised that an increase in government spending will increase states’ SAT scores, controlling for median household income Null hypothesis was not proven What does this mean? R-squared: accounted for about 1/4 of the variance Coefficients were both negative Government spending raises, SAT scores decrease As median income increased, SAT scores decreased T-statistics Both are statistically significant y=-6.62*1071+-4.4581992+1107.044 Regression 2 I hypothesised that larger states receive more funding, and thus would have higher scores. Additionally, more people would lead to greater variance in scores Null hypothesis was not proven What does this mean? R-squared: accounted for about 82% of variance Coefficients: Negative relationship between both population and participation T-statistics: Participation is highly significant, population minimally. y=-1.24*1061-2.82+1021 Regression 3 I hypothesised that primary/secondary education funding would significantly play a role on SAT scores. Additionally, a larger pool of participants accounts for a wider breadth of performance Null hypothesis was not proven What does this mean? R-squared accounted for about 82% of variance Coefficients: Weak, positive relationship with funding, yet a stronger negative relationship with student participation T-statistics: Participation is highly significant y=.00432771-1.9841922+999.483 Regression 4 I hypothesised that funding for primary and secondary education and the percentage of high school students who take the exam will be most important Hypothesis proven true What does this mean? R-squared: accounted for about 88% of variance Coefficients: Expense, Participation, and Region 1 were negatively correlated; all the rest had positive effects T-statistics: Only participation was under -1.96; Regions 2 and 4 were over 1.96. These were the most significant. The t-statistic of population was at -1.94, which I considered significant for the intents and purposes of this data. y=-1.36*1061 + .00002822 .00660463 + 1.7964 -2.05165 2.3291556 + 45.0287 + 23.81498 + 989.8613 Analysis Regression 1 Government spending as a whole ultimately does not aid SAT performance. Regardless of whether or not it builds infrastructure, it seems as if funds set aside specifically for primary and secondary education are the most necessary to boost SAT scores. Additionally, I determined that- at least when it comes to SAT scores in high schoolchildren, Wealth does not denote academic success. As was determined from the methodology of regression 1, the statistical relevance of income and insignificance of government spending led me to reason that income played a greater role in determining SAT scores than government spending. Further, I questioned if the results for regression 1 had anything to do with causality, because the states that score more poorly on SATs will receive more money from the government to ameliorate educational infrastructure. Regression 2 Participation was negatively correlated with SAT scores, and significantly so. I reasoned that a base participation rate includes a skewed population of students who intend to go to college regardless of domestic initiatives to send high school students to college before allowing them into the workforce. Therefore, if more students choose to take the SAT, those students will be those who had not necessarily planned their high school education to ready them for the SAT. There scores thus will be lower. Regression 3 While the results of my first regression clearly suggested that government spending as a whole has little to no effect on SAT scores, I aimed to determine that per pupil expenditures on education for primary and secondary schooling had a strong positive correlation with students’ SAT readiness. This was not the case. Government education expenditures was loosely correlated with SAT scores, but not significantly so. This result could possibly have come from different years of availability for each variable. Many of the variables were derived from an old STATA data set that suited my intents, but I added other variables to develop a more individual project. Government spending was one of these variables, and the data may have been more recent than others. Further, as was the case with regression 2, the levels of participation played a strong and significant factor in determining the rate at which students would score on the SAT. The t-statistic was highly significant, so I trust that this correlation is true. I expect the population shift that I described in my previous analysis will still stand. Regression 4 Ultimately, I determined that as much as I had hoped that income and per-pupil education expenditures would have strong effects on the scoring of high schoolers on the SAT, because such effects are easily fixable through initiatives. I was wrong. Expense and income both were determined to be insignificant, with expense ultimately having a negative correlation with SAT scores. This cannot show the whole picture, however. Wealthier states traditionally have stronger educational infrastructures and students who perform better on the SAT. I can only assume that wealthier states are those which have educational initiatives to give more students the chance to take the SATs in the first place, and thus have a pool of lower-scoring students. Conversely, students in states with low median incomes had to have a significant personal initiative to take the Test in the first place. Therefore, the relationship between income and infrastructure is that which renders the relationship negative. Tables Table 1: Table of Means Table 2: Description of Data Variable | Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max -+ state | 0 region | 50 2.54 1.128662 1 4 pop | 50 4962040 5459782 454000 2.98e+07 area | 50 70759.14 85796.76 1045 570374 csat | 51 944.098 66.93497 832 1093 -+ vsat | 51 447.8431 31.87562 395 515 msat | 51 496.2549 35.58418 435 578 percent | 51 35.76471 26.19281 4 81 expense | 51 5235.961 1401.155 2960 9259 income | 51 33.95657 6.423134 23.465 48.618 -+ high | 51 76.26078 5.588741 64.3 86.6 college | 51 20.02157 4.16578 12.3 33.3 spending | 51 1.75e+07 2.03e+07 270000 1.03e+08 participat~n | 51 39.33333 32.1538 3 93 Table 3: Regression 1 Table 4: Regression 2 Table 5: Regression 3 Table 6: Regression 4 Table 7: College Board Participation Rates Table 8: College Board Participation Rates (cont.) Basically this isn’t really done. 80 Mount Holyoke CollegeSAT Scores: An Econometrics Perspective 1

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Good evening. Some of you out there may not realize this but those of you who attended Suntime Middle School have been with this guy for the last seven years. I would like to ask you all, not just Suntime Middle School grads and who all else, to join me in thanking Mr. Weather for his patience and dedication to the success of our education over the years. We are the Class of 2000. The first graduating class of the new millennium. The past four years have been pretty wild. We started out as a bunch of rats in a small cage, but as time went by we learned and matured and became big rats in a new small cage, but in any case, the cage door is now opening; the handlers turning us wild things loose. As we leave "Where the Wild Things Are," home to some of the best cat fights, fist fights and food fights this side of the Cascades, I have a little surprise for all of you sitting in front of me here tonight in your caps and gowns †¦ we ain’t seen nothing yet! One of my favorite books when I was little was "Where the Wild Things Are" by Maurice Sendak. I’m sure many of you here tonight are quite familiar with it. It is about a young boy named Max who loves to dress up in his wolf suit and cause trouble. When his mother disapproves, Max creates a world of make-believe with his imagination in which he is king of all wild things. Here he is accepted and revered for his savage behavior. I loved it in my younger days because of the pictures of the big monsters and was jealous of the boy who got the chance to live with them. I always wanted to be that boy. To be a "wild thing," carefree, with no responsibilities or authority figure to answer to. "The night Max wore his wolf suit and made mischief of one kind and another his mother called hi... ...ere he found his supper waiting for him and it was still hot." It is now time to step out of high school and enter a world of choices. It is time to leave "where the wild things are," taking our experiences, memories and knowledge and follow our hearts and dreams. It is time to give thanks to all who have supported and helped us down this path. Thank your friends for being there for you, thank your teachers for preparing you, thank your parents for guiding you and thank all others who always made sure your supper was still hot. So as you hop in your sailboat and follow to where good smelling things are to eat, remember what you’ve learned from being in the world of the wild things. Take this experience and utilize it towards your future, because I guarantee you that what lies ahead for us is gonna make being a wild thing look like a walk in the park. Thank you.

Software and Hardware System Requirements for a Project

Chapter 5Requirement AnalysisThe chapter describe security model demand and which is categorised on the footing of user interaction and specification of package and hardware demand. Besides its overview regulations assign to the assorted user. 5.1 Software RequirementNameDetailssOperating SystemWindows XP and UpperDatabase ServerMySql, XMLFront EndNetbeans 7.2, JSP, Java SDK 6.0Application ServerTomcat 6.0BrowserIE 5.0 and Upper or Mozilla, Google ChromeTable No 4.1 Software Requirement 5.2Hardware RequirementNameDetailssProcessorPentium IV and supra.Random-access memory256MB and aboveHard Drive40 GBNetworkLocal area networkTable No 4.2 Software Requirement 5.3High Level Process Diagrams A high degree description of the demands of the undertaking is to manage specific defined maps utilizing a common platform, whilst other maps for content, enrollment, individuality direction, and increasing security to single applications will be outside the range of the undertaking and this range is detailed in the diagram below: Figure 5.1: Scope of the Undertaking This stage of the undertaking will cover individual factor hallmark and will merely capture username and watchword to authenticate a website user. The demands are split into four subdivisions:Generic demandsSelf disposal functionalityDelegated disposal functionalityHelp Desk disposal.The generic demands will embrace certain facets that are generic across the ego disposal and delegated disposal functionality. The undertaking will present the following generic demands for self disposal and delegated disposal: Figure 5.2: Generic demands for self disposal and delegated disposal The undertaking will present the following self disposal functionality: Figure 5.3: Self disposal functionality The undertaking will besides present the followers delegated disposal functionality: Figure 5.4: Delegated disposal functionality There will besides be the undermentioned Help Desk disposal functionality that will be delivered by the undertaking: Figure 5.5: Aid Desk disposal functionality5.4 User groupsUser groupDescriptionExternal web site userAn external web site visitant to any web site or applicationAdministratorAn internal decision maker who will hold the capableness to supply entree direction to application specific external web site usersHelp Desk AdministratorAn internal decision maker who will hold the capableness to back up the security model and users of the modelTable No 5.3: User Groups5.5 Requirements5.5.1 Generic demandsGEN-0011-Rule-2For Self disposal and decision maker for delegated disposal enrollment signifiers, the information Fieldss must be blank on first burden of the signifier.GEN-0011-Rule-3The system will non auto-generate usernames for decision makers for delegated disposal. The usernames will be entered manually.GEN-0011-Rule-4When the web site user receives the invitation electronic mail and clicks the URL to lade the enrollment signifier, the username on the signifier will be pre-populated and n ot-editable.GEN-0011-Rule-5Auto-complete must be set to murder.GEN-0011-Rule-6Password and replies to security inquiries must be obscured.GEN-0011-Rule-7The username can non be an email reference.GEN-0011-Rule-8The website user must put up 4 security inquiries, of which 2 will be indiscriminately shown during future hallmark procedures.GEN-0011-Rule-9Security replies must non:Be cleanRepeat replies across the inquiriesBe individual figure or character repliesGEN-0011-Rule-10The replies to the security inquiries will be a minimal 3 alphameric characters, with a maximal 20 alphameric characters and must non incorporate the undermentioned particular characters:â€Å" ! ? $ % ? / or @GEN-0011-Rule-11Website users will merely be registered for applications/websites within a pre-defined group, i.e. for either BHW applications or international applicationsGEN-0011-Rule-12The format of the username will be a minimal 6 alphameric characters, with a upper limit of 20 alphameric characters an d must non incorporate the undermentioned particular characters:â€Å" ! ? $ % ? / or @The username will be instance sensitive.GEN-0011-Rule-13The format of the watchword will be a minimal 8 alphameric characters, with a upper limit of 20 alphameric characters and must be instance sensitive.GEN-0011-Note-1:The application specific demands for informations gaining control are non documented in this DBRS and will be documented at the application specific degree.GEN-0011-Note-2:The signifier will non capture opt-in /opt-out for selling intents. This will be done at application degree and non at the security degree.GEN-0011-Note-3:Website users will be able to register for specific merchandises at an application degree.GEN-0011-Note-4:The website user will merely be able to take a security inquiry one time from the list, i.e. the inquiry selected in ‘Security inquiry 1’ will non look in the dropdown for ‘Security inquiry 2’ and so on.GEN-0011-Note-5:Any indivi duality inside informations, i.e. name and reference, will be captured at an application degree.GEN-0012Send electronic mail verification on successful enrollment to the web site userGEN-0012-Note-1:A concern determination has been made to go on with the preferable option that does non necessitate email confirmation and therefore to merely hold one measure enrollment. The website users will have an electronic mail corroborating that they have registered successfully.GEN-0012-Note-2: Without capturing more informations on the enrollment signifier, any electronic mails that are sent will non be customised to the website user and the salute will be ‘Dear User.’GEN-0013Post log-in, all designated assets ( pages ) will be protected by the Security Platform.GEN-0020The watchword strength must be either medium or strong and must be displayed on the undermentioned signifiers:RegistrationChange watchwordSecurity inside informationsGEN-0020-Rule-1Mandatory ( 1 point each and a en tire 2 points in the marking mechanism )Minimum of8 characters in lengthMaximum of 20 characters in lengthA combination of letters and at least 1 figureOptional ( 1 point each )At least one particular character from this list @ , # , $ , ^ , & A ; , _ , ~ , –A mixture of upper and lower instance lettersPoints scoredDisplay& lt ; = 2Weak ( Red saloon )3Medium ( Amber saloon )4Strong ( Green saloon )GEN-0020-Rule-2The watchword strength saloon will expose the coloring material and besides the diction to follow with the Accessibility criterionsGEN-0020-Rule-3On page burden the watchword strength index will be clean.GEN-0030The enrollment signifier must incorporate Captcha functionalityGEN-0030-Rule-1The Captcha functionality must follow with the Accessibility criterionsGEN-0030-Rule-2The Captcha functionality must be instance sensitive.GEN-0040Provide registered website users with the ability to login to an application or merchandise on any web site that has migrated to the Secu rity FrameworkGEN-0040-Note-1:While the website user will be able to login to any web site or application, they may be required to register for each merchandise at an application degree.GEN-0050Website users must be able to reset their watchword through disregarded watchword functionalityGEN-0050-Rule-1The website users must reply 2 security inquiry ( s ) right to reset their watchword.GEN-0050-Rule-2The 2 inquiries will be displayed indiscriminately for the set of 4 inquiries answered on initial enrollment.GEN-0060Website users must be able to recover their username through disregarded username functionality to reconstruct their ability to log in.GEN-0060-Rule-1An electronic mail will be generated incorporating the website user’s username.GEN-0070A website users account will be locked if the website user exceeds the maximal figure of login efforts or fails to reply their security inquiries rightGEN-0070-Rule-1There should be 2 error messages:For inputting incorrect inside in formations, e.g. username and watchwordFor history lockupGEN-0070-Note-1:The figure of login efforts and replying of security inquiries should be set to 3 efforts, so the history is locked and an enlightening mistake message is displayed.GEN-0070-Note-2:For the history unlock procedure, web site users will be advised to reach the Help Desk in order to unlock their history.GEN-0070-Note-2:There will be three history lock out periods. The first two lockouts will be impermanent and last for 20 proceedingss. The concluding lockout will be lasting and necessitate Helpdesk to unlock the history.GEN-0080The system must be able to run out a web site users password at a specified interval, e.g. monthlyPremise:The watchword termination will be set at a generic degree and if an application requires an alternate watchword termination policy, this must be applied at the application specific degreeGEN-0090The system must be able to stop a user session after a specified period of inaction on the w eb site.GEN-0090-Rule-1The in agreement length of clip for the period of inaction must be set across the platform and non at application degree.GEN-0090-Rule-2The inaction timeout will be configured to 20 proceedingss.GEN-0100Functionality must be provided to let the website user to log out of the Security Framework.GEN-0100-Note-1:The logout user journey will be an application degree specific user journey.GEN-0100-Note-2:This will be locally configurable for each concern unit.GEN-0110Provide individual sign-on capableness such that when a website user registries for one web site or application, they are able to login to another web site or application.GEN-0110-Note-1:While the website user will be able to login to any web site or application, they may be required to register for each merchandise at an application degree.GEN-0120The system should supply scrutinizing and describing functionality of both self disposal web site users and delegated disposal web site users.GEN-0120-Note- 1: This functionality will be provided to the Help Desk Administrators as a portion of the Oracle Identity and Access merchandise suite.GEN-0120-Note-2:Any web analytical coverage will be provided through the Omniture toolGEN-0130The system should supply scrutinizing and describing functionality of the decision makers using the delegated disposal toolsGEN-0130-Note-1: This functionality will be provided to the Help Desk Administrators as a portion of the Oracle Identity and Access merchandise suite.GEN-0130-Note-2:Any web analytical coverage will be provided through the Omniture toolGEN-0140The concern units should supply an attack and procedure for managing website users concerned with possible history via media, whether this be via electronic mail or via a Call CentreGEN-0150The system must dispute an terminal user when they:Attempt to entree unauthorized contentAttempt to entree via a bookmark when already logged outGEN-0160The system shall be capable of observing that a user is logging in a 2nd clip from a different topographic point, in which instance the installation should be configurable to reject the 2nd session, end the bing session, or permit coincident Sessionss.Table No.5.4: Generic demands5.5.2 Self disposal demandsRqt No.DescriptionSource/OwnerPrecedenceSA-0020Provide registered and logged in website users with self disposal capablenesss to alter their generic security inside informationsSA-0020-Rule-1A website user must be able to amend the undermentioned security inside informations:Email referencePasswordSecurity inquiries and repliesSA-0020-Rule-1A website user will non be able to amend the username.SA-0020-Note-1:Any application or merchandise specific informations will be amended at application or merchandise degree and as such will non be documented in this DBRS and will be documented at the application specific degree.SA-0021The system must direct an electronic mail to the registered web site user when an amendment has been made to their inside informationsSA-0021-Rule-1The electronic mail must province which inside informations have been amended, butnonwhat the inside informations have been changed from or to.SA-0021-Rule-2If the web site user has amended their electronic mail reference, the system must direct an electronic mail to the old and new electronic mail references advising of the amendment.SA-0021-Note-1:This electronic mail will besides incorporate instructional text for the web site users in instance they are concerned that their history has been compromised.Table No. 5.5: Self disposal demands5.5.3Delegated disposal demandsRqt No.DescriptionSource/OwnerPrecedenceDA-0010Provide decision makers with delegated disposal capablenesss to make an history for external web site usersDA-0010-Rule-1decision makers will merely be able to register Website users for applications/websites within a pre-defined group, i.e. for either BHW applications or international applications.DA-0010-Rule-1decision makers will non be able to utilize the same username across pre-defined groups as the username must be alone.DA-0011Provide decision makers with the ability to advise website users of their enrollment inside informations via an invitation electronic mailDA-0011-Rule-1The point at which the invitation electronic mail is sent to the website user will be configurable for each application, i.e. the electronic mail may be sent when the user has been created by the decision maker or at a ulterior phase following updating of application specific history inside informations.DA-0012Provide decision makers with delegated disposal capablenesss to modify an bing history electronic mail referenceDA-0012-Rule-1The system must direct an electronic mail to the registered web site user when an amendment has been made to their inside informations by the decision maker.DA-0012-Note-1:The decision maker will merely be able to modify the electronic mail reference for an history.DA-0013Provide decision makers with the ability to seek for an bing web site user by username and/or electronic mail.DA-0013-Rule-1The hunt capableness will be application degree particular and will non return users non registered for that application.DA-0014Provide decision makers with delegated disposal capablenesss to disenable and enable an bing history from the applicationDA-0014-Rule-1The decision maker will merely be able to disenable an bing history from the specific application the decision maker is logged into. The decision maker will merely be able to enable an history if it has antecedently been disabled from the application.DA-0014-Rule-2Presentment must be sent to the Help Desk decision makers when a user has been disabled for a specific application.DA-0014-Rule-3Presentment must be sent to the bing user when their application particular history has been enabled.DA-0015Provide decision makers with the ability to re-send an invitation electronic mail to a website user during the URL expiry period and post the URL expiry period.DA-0015-Rule-1This functionality will merely be available if the web site user has non logged in and completed their profile for the first clip.DA-0015-Rule-2If the invitation is re-sent during the expiry period, so the URL from the initial electronic mail will be invalid and the expiry period will be resetDA-0020Invitation electronic mails from the delegated decision maker must incorporate the undermentioned information for the website user:User nameEncrypted URL to automatically log the user into their historyDA-0020-Rule-1The URL will run out on first successful usage and the website user must alter the watchword, enter their personal inside informations, select the security inquiries and input their replies to their chosen security inquiries on loginDA-0020-Rule-2The fresh URL should be expired after a configurable clip period and the recommendation is that this is less than 2 hebdomads.DA-0020-Rule-3As a lower limit the watchword must be encrypted.DA-0030Hard transcript invitations could be sent from the delegated decision maker and must incorporate the undermentioned information for the website user:User nameImpermanent watchwordFriendly URLDA-0030-Rule-1The impermanent watchword will run out on first usage and the website user must alter the watchword, enter their personal inside informations, select the security inquiries and input their replies to their chosen security inquiries on loginDA-0030-Note-1:The ability to capture reference inside informations for poster of the difficult transcript invitations has non been captured in this DBRS and will be documented at the application specific degree.DA-0030-Note-2:The concern procedure for the despatching of the difficult transcript invitation is out of range of the Security Platform and must be put in topographic point by the concern unitsDA-0040Provide decision makers with the screens and functionality for the delegated disposal which will be deployed at an application specific degree.DA-0060Provide decision makers with the ability to re-enable a user that has antecedently been disabled from the applicationDA-0070Provide decision makers with the ability to seek for handicapped users by username or electronic mail.Table No 5.6: Delegated disposal demands5.5.4Help desk disposal demandsRqt No.DescriptionSYS-0010Provide Help Desk decision makers with the ability to:Search for an historyModify an historyDisable an historyEnable an historyDe-register an history from the security modelRe-register an history on the security modelDe-register an history from an applicationRe-register an history to an applicationUnlock an historyReset watchwordUpload users in majoritySYS-0010-Rule-1The Help Desk decision makers will be able to de-register an history at the security model degree. This will forestall the website user from logging into any application and sites.SYS-0010-Rule-2Presentment must be sent to each of the decision makers when a user has been de-registered at the security model degreeSYS-0010-Rule-3Presentment must be sent to the bing user when their history has been de-registered from the Security FrameworkSYS-0010-Rule-4Presentment must be sent to the bing user when their history has been modified in any manner on the Security Framework.SYS-0010-Note-1: This functionality will be provided to the Help Desk Administrators as a portion of the Oracle Identity and Access merchandise suite.SYS-0010-Note-1:An electronic mail will be sent to the termin al user for the alteration of each property.Table No. 5.7: Aid desk disposal demands

French School Vocabulary - À lécole

French School Vocabulary - là ©cole Learn French vocabulary related to school, including different types of schools and school supplies. Click any link to hear that word pronounced.   French School Vocabulary une à ©cole - school (in general), grade schoolun à ©colier, une à ©colià ¨re - grade school studentun collà ¨ge - middle school, junior highun collà ©gien, une collà ©gienne - middle school studentun lycà ©e - high schoolun lycà ©en, une lycà ©enne - high school studentune università © - college, universityun à ©tudiant, une à ©tudiante - college studentun professeur, un/e prof (informal) - teacher (In France, the word professeur is always masculine, even if the teacher is a woman. The informal apocope prof, however, can be masculine or feminine.)un cours - courseune salle de classe - classroomun bureau - deskun pupitre - student deskun cahier - notebookune calculatrice - calculatorune carte - mapun classeur - binderune craie - chalkun crayon - pencildes devoirs (m) - homeworkun dictionnaire - dictionaryun examen - testune gomme - eraserun livre - bookle papier - paperune feuille de papier - piece of paperrecto verso - front and back, both sidesun sac dos - backpackun stylo - penun tableau - chalkboard

Better writing for nurse managers - Emphasis

Better writing for nurse managers Better writing for nurse managers When most people think of Leonardo da Vinci, they think of him as the artist who painted The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. But da Vinci was also an inventor, an architect, a musician and an engineer. To be successful as a nurse manager, you need to adopt da Vincis Renaissance approach. Aside from your main leadership role, you also need to be a resource allocator, go-between, disturbance handler and innovator. Unfortunately, there is no definitive manual for managing these roles. And being in charge of people, policy and paperwork can sometimes be a case of trial and error. But honing your written communication skills can go a surprisingly long way to making things run more smoothly. For example, it can help you persuade people to see your point of view, clarify complex issues, or simply write instructions that people actually read and follow. Here are seven ways to turn writing into a powerful health-management tool. One Listen carefully to your team to ensure you fully understand their problems and issues. Then brainstorm your response using the headings who?, what?, where?, when?, and why? before you write it. This will help you clarify your main message so that your writing is clear and concise. Be sure to look at all your options and dont just choose the first one that comes to mind. Two If you foresee that an issue will be challenged or youll be questioned for more information, prepare a detailed explanation. Use the Four Ps technique, which stands for: position (where they are now), problem (why they cant stay there), possibilities (where they could go) and proposal (where they should go). Three Avoid playing office politics and dont mislead the reader in any way. Use jargon only if youre certain your readers will understand it. And use the active voice to make your writing more specific. For instance: we are implementing a new shift system is more effective than a new shift system will be implemented. Four Widen the reader audience when necessary, to make sure you address all problems and everyone understands the context. Email is often a good vehicle for this. But beware of copying too many people in on mass emails. And avoid heresay or writing as if youre chatting on the phone: email is a permanent medium covered by the law of libel, so you should write only what you dont mind being broadcast on the 10 oclock news. Five Enlist the help of other departmental services (such as legal and human resources) to review your writing when appropriate. Make sure you write only things you believe in, and that youre willing to be accountable for. Six Ensure facts and figures are as accurate as possible. Even it takes 24 hours to obtain figures you dont have, its worth spending the extra time to ensure you build a reputation for accuracy. (Dont let waiting for the fact hold up the writing process though: just put [To come] in the text and come back to that bit once you have the details.) Seven Finally, coach your staff to become better writers, so that your time as a manager is spent effectively. Theres a host of free online writing resources at emphbootstrap.wpengine.com to help you. If you decide to traing your staff, see our courses for individuals or our courses for groups. Alternatively, send us a message or call one of our friendly advisors on +44 (0)1273 961 810 Good writing may not always come easily at first. But with practice, it can become second nature. And once it does, it may well be the glue that holds your da Vinci set of roles together. Robert Ashton is the Chief Executive of Emphasis.

The Company under Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Company under Study - Essay Example The company under study is a small manufacturing firm, which produces metal bead chains. This company is doing business since early 20’s and is continuing till now. It has not got a huge set up but only 20 machines, having two sets of dies which are capable of manufacturing 7 sizes of chains. The company is using brass, steel and stain-less steel as raw material and has additional facilities like own die production, a computer numerical control machine for production of dies. They also have special machines for packaging of units. The company possesses an experienced production manager with an experience of 18 years. It has also a well experienced technical manage, 3 die makers, 4 setters with 4 helpers.  While carrying out the case study, following problems can be identified, which are related to the firm in one way or the other: Under utilization of production capacity. Machine stoppages due to quality problems which is a result of under maintained machineries. Manufacturing with steel and stainless steel which are harder metals and do not suite to the companies production set up and due to lack of engineering base the life of dies are minimized the repairing of which, takes an hours time by the setters which is surely a time loss. Speed of machines become slowest in making chain sin the largest size in steel and stainless steel. The quality assurance department is handled by the production manager; quality should always be separate from production. Despite of availability of production software, production plans are made by the production manager. The stock of production material is not been taken care of. A huge stock of un-plated chain has accumulated. The manager is using oil in increasing productivity. Application of software’s should be carried out planning of production instead of using past experience know how, all machine should be allocated in volume of order of different sizes of chains. The machines for manufacturing of steel and stainless steel chains should be separated so that the fast production of brass chains does not get hampered. Quality issues should not be handled by a production manager as the production manager is responsible for executing production that is higher number of units per day and making machines reach maximum efficiency. This can make him over look the quality issues that are related to product development. The persons who are responsible for quality management should also take of material in-process.

Great Lakes, Great Decisions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Great Lakes, Great Decisions - Case Study Example Political – the political environment for leaded gasoline had changed markedly due to the intense lobbying of environmental groups. Politicians who plan to seek office and those already in office but are seeking re-election have no choice but to listen to advocacy groups. By the end of the twentieth century, various scientific studies have established that lead can really cause adverse health conditions such as brain damage in children, respiratory problems in adults and overall lowering of the air quality (Mead, Wicks, Werhane and Freeman 156). In such a politically-charged atmosphere, not only politicians but businesses as well have to also take into consideration how their products may harm the environment and listen to opinion. A big company like Great Lakes has to exercise its responsibilities as a corporate citizen too. A new operating environment has to be taken into consideration when making strategic plans in business decision making like compliance with stricter emis sion standards as required under new policies by the Clean Air Act (1970) that banned the use of leaded gasoline. Economic – the economics of mass transportation such as private cars and buses has been going in the direction of clean and renewable energy such as ethanol or through the use of lower-rated unleaded gasoline through the use of catalytic converters the prices of which are going down because these previously specialized products are now becoming generic. At any rate, the cost of transitioning away from leaded gasoline is not that expensive as studied by both the World Bank (WB) and the World Health Organization (WHO); the net negative impact on economic growth rates is not that substantial anyway as thought (ibid. 158). Social – people are getting sick from all the lead pollution in the air they breathe and now realized how harmful some of their lifestyles have been on themselves and environment. To such an extent, a growing social movement towards healthy living and health awareness is making the changeover to unleaded gasoline a mandatory strategic move for big busines ses. It is unrealistic for a business enterprise to ignore these social movements which determine to a large extent the buying patterns of consumers. Sooner or later, people would see the healthy benefits of using unleaded gasoline for themselves and their children. Using macro-economic environmental analysis allows business leaders to anticipate future trends (Fleischer 172). Technological – energy production has been shifting towards a renewable and clean energy source for cars such as bio-fuels like bio-ethanol derived from alcohol produced by a fermentation process of the sugar components of plants like sugarcane and starch crops. Shift to clean energy sources has been partly driven by a combination of factors such as peak oil (a realization that fossil fuels production is now on a downtrend due to fast depletion of known reserves which are non-renewable), the political instability of crude oil supplier-countries, the high gasoline prices, concern over the environment and government subsidies for bio-fuels. A shift to renewable energy sources is inevitable as new production techniques lower its costs. Legal – as can be seen from the experience with the markets in developed countries, new environmental regulations and laws pertaining to preservation of the environment are all being strictly enforced such as clean air standards requiring lower sulfur emissions. All those developing

Discussing the Situations in Criminal Law Assignment

Discussing the Situations in Criminal Law - Assignment Example Intention leads the guilty party to have prior foresight of consequences that will take place should the act be carried out. It is different from recklessness since on a subjective basis, there remains foresight without the hope of actually bringing about results. The problem in the courts of law is that the borderline between intention and recklessness is too vague. The court has to decide the extent of the desire to carry out the act and convert recklessness into intention. In DPP v Smith (1961) AC 290, the test was that the individual was taken to foresee and intend to bring about the likeliest actions if he carried out his intentions. One, 'subjective' recklessness; In this case, the defendant understands that a risk may occur if a certain action is carried out, still despite knowing this he still chooses to take that action ignoring the results of his actions. This is often seen when the guilty party decides to drive under the influence knowing full well that his actions could cause an accident. Two, 'objective' recklessness arises when it is apparent to everyone apart from the defendant that there was a risk. Therefore the risk is so apparent that despite the defendant claims not to have considered the risk this is irrelevant. The intention has many different levels at the most serious intention can lead to murder. The degrees of intention range from pure intention to recklessness dependant on the nature and seriousness of the crime. When the most serious degree of culpability, justifies the most serious degree of punishment both elements are found in the defendant's mind. (a subjective test) An individual who plots and carries out an act of crime is thought of like a more serious threat than the one who behaves recklessly. An opportunist might find a sudden opportunity to steal something or become so angry that they harm another. Intention can also arise from the common law principle as well. One of the most critical sources in the early development of the law on recklessness was an academic piece of work. In his book Outlines of Criminal Law' (published in 1902), Professor Kenny discussed the definition of "maliciously", with specific reference to arson. A large amount of the information in the book was founded on the judgment in the case of R v Harris. At the beginning of the century, the fundamental state of the law concerning recklessness was that it was a subjective test that determined the men's rea in criminal acts where the necessary men's rea for the defendant was to carry out an act. Â  

An Analysis of the opening sequences of Luhrmanns Essay Example for Free

An Analysis of the opening sequences of Luhrmanns Essay I think Luhrmann repeated the prologue three times to make people understand what was to come, because he did not add the last two lines which were In which if you with patient ears attend, What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend. In other words, meaning that if you have not understood this prologue they hoped their hard work helps you understand it.  The first time the prologue is shown is when the news reporter is on the news reading out the prologue. She has a modern American accent towards this but it seems as if Luhrmann has kept to the old Shakespearean language; also, there is the picture of a ring in the corner. The sequence starts of with interference and then it tunes in onto the news, then the news reporter starts reading out the prologue. To put it in media terms I would say the first few shots of the zoom in creating a lead up to the extreme close up of the news reporter. I would say then that a medium close up was used until the second time the prologue was shown. I think this interpretation of the prologue represents how important and how serious the conflict between the families is and shows the end of both lovers also showing the end of the feud. The second time the prologue is shown, it shows a serious of pictures of Verona Beach according to the lines of the prologue, which is now read by a man. Either, he wanted to make the prologue stronger by doing that or make a change to get it stuck in peoples head. There are loads of newspaper cuttings but one of the newspapers shows both the families, which ends up in flames. It also shows images of two skyscrapers one with Montague on top and the other with Capulet also God (Jesus) is standing in the middle showing, I think this shows that the feud might have gone to far and God has now stepped in to stop it. Also at the end of this both the families are shown with the other characters apart from Romeo and Juliet. In the Mise-en-scene of the completely said prologue, there were close-ups of the families, medium shots, long shots, birds eye view shots, etc. The third time the prologue is shown the writing comes up. In addition, there are a few scenes from the film later on, which gives us an insight of whats to come.  This start gives us quite a lot of insight to the film this gives us a head start to whats to come from the whole film. In this interpretation, I think there were only quick shots used to give an effect of how quick the story went.  I think the audience might get a different feeling from each time the prologue because it shows different types of ways to express the prologue it shows the end, beginning and middle. In Act 1, Scene 1 the two families boys have a comical fight at a petrol station but it shows the first actual conflict between the families. The Montague boys go down to petrol station and to represent them they have loud rap music in the background, whereas when the Capulet boys arrive they have spaghetti western music to represent them so the director might be trying to say that the Capulet boys are more old fashioned and that the Montague boys are more modern. Luhrmann creates an atmosphere of many things in this scene but the main three things are tension, fear and excitement. I first of all think Luhrmann created this by showing the anger between both families this both created tension and fear of one another, he done this by introducing the boys and slowly setting the scene up till both families started being rude to each other. Both families show this by Body Language and Face Expressions. I think the Montagues though felt more threatened by the Capulets because when the Capulets appeared they suddenly had a sense of fear in them, which created quite a bit of tension. The next thing was excitement this was that of the fight they were going to have and because of the tension Luhrmann had created he had to even it out by using humour, I think he done this by using the tension he had already created. When he had one of the Montague boys licking his nipples to scare the nuns and when he had one of the women in the car hitting him on the head with her handbag. I think he used a cowboy film clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, to make the scene more interesting and to make the fight presentable he used hidden typical cowboy props such as the flipping sign and music. But by doing this he has really stereotyped the western cowboy material but I am not trying to say that he is not doing what any other modern director does because they all stereotype in their films one way or another. I feel the opening scenes to a film are most crucial and I found that the opening scenes to Romeo and Juliet were quite substantial, the scenes of the prologue were quite short but short of this fact, it was very informative. However, I think it was difficult for Luhrmann to create the rest of the movie after such a good start but I think he done this during Act 1, Scene 1 by showing just how terrible the feud was in this case I mean hurting people who are not even involved in the fight. I personally think that the targeted audience for this film is from people aged  15 -30 years old as some of the violence would be too much for little kids, to take in and mostly the language and sense of this story would confuse them whereas if you showed it to an older person over 30 they would probably be more interested in a calm love story with not so much violence.  In my opinion, the opening scenes to this film were portrayed as an insight to the rest of the film. I see the representation of the prologues as a beginning, middle and end, but as the first act and first scene come up, I feel as if the whole film has started again but from a different angle. I also think that Luhrmann took on a great task and that was to re- enact Shakespeares greatest love story and I also think he done that well.

Roles Played By Reason And Imagination In Knowledge Philosophy Essay

Roles Played By Reason And Imagination In Knowledge Philosophy Essay The role played by imagination was insignificant in the achievement of knowledge due to its confusing and tentative nature and that rational thought was the sources of much knowledge believed Sir Francis Bacon, a deterministic, Renaissance rationalist.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  The Critique of Pure Reason contrasts this view, stating that both reason and imagination are necessary for acquiring knowledge.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  However, to what extent can Bacons views on reason and imagination be justified? This essay will examine such a concept through the exploration of the four ways of knowing (perception, language, emotion and reason) as well as two areas of knowledge, which will be history and the natural sciences. The Critique of Pure Reason is written by Immanuel Kant, a theorist. He mostly concerned himself with the metaphysical world, a reality based on abstract and empirical concepts. The proposition of this idea is bizarre coming from a man who lived in the Age of Reason when being rational was considered the ultimate and most accurate way of knowing. Reason is defined as the process of thinking and gaining knowledge through manipulation, integration and evaluation of facts and ideas, it can be either deductive reasoning (from the general to the particular) or inductive reasoning (from the particular to general principles)  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  . Whereas imagination is defined as the power of reproducing images stored in the memory under the suggestion of associated images or of recombining former experiences to create new images  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  Using the above definitions, incorporating the four ways of knowing and the two areas of knowledge to address the knowledge issue: are the roles of reason and imagination necessary to gain adequate knowledge in the areas of the natural sciences and history? Firstly, the definition of adequate is to be provided. According to the Encarta English Dictionary, adequate is defined as sufficient in quality or quantity to meet a need or qualify for something. It has been accepted that achieving absolute truth is virtually impossible, thus the knowledge issue is worded in a manner to account for this. History is defined as the study of the past  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  by Richard van de Lagemaat and by Britannica Encyclopedia as the discipline that studies the chronological record of events (as affecting a nation or people), based on a critical examination of source materials and usually presenting an explanation of their causes  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  ; it is essentially a study of human behavior. In schools, history falls under the humanities subject department or in the literary arts, yet, there are some who contest this idea and believe it should be considered more a natural science than a literary art or humanities subject. The writing language of written history incorporates an emotional aspect. This can be justified by the means of identifying the roles of reason and imagination in history. Due to its definition supplied by Britannica, history requires reason, and because the language used to define the subject, history is made to seem as though it is mimicking a scientific doctrine. A scientific doctrine is defined as the results of an experiment must be both independently verifiable and independently reproducible.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  From this definition, however, it presents a counter argument. It suggest that history cannot be a considered a natural science due to its non-experimental nature; one cannot reproduce or change the past, only analyze and learn from it. It is subjective and owns a subcategory of historiography which is the critical response to an in-depth analysis of sources, transforming them into narratives to justify events, why they happened the way they did and explaining the psyche behind the decisions made.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  Scientists argue that the perspective of a historian is adjusted, predetermined before he starts his work as he will only look for sources and information to prove his hypothesis.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  Nonetheless, with only reason, history would remain incomplete. Ele ments of historiography are more imaginative than historians prefer to let on; there are gaps in the information. There is no possibility that ever single second of history will ever be recorded, and only as of recent, we have managed to become very close to this aspiration with the invention of things such as the internet and world news as it happens, making the recording of history easier but much more open to interpretation. This involves imagination, rather than reason. Reason does not allow for outside-of-the-box thought patterns, traditionally; and imagination is required to piece together the delicate puzzle in a poetic and sensible way. History is also plagued with the idea of hindsight bias. These are tendencies to believe, after learning of an outcome, that one could have foreseen it.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  Hindsight bias can be considered to have rational elements, but also consists of fallacies like cognitive bias. This, according to Wikipedia, is a pattern of dev iation in judgment that occurs in particular situations.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  History, or at least accurate history, is not produced by mere imagination, devotions and poetic utterances, if it were just art; a writer could compose a whole new reality than what really happened outside his own imagination. Historians have archaeology to draw from. They have primary documents that tell them what people were declaring. They cannot verify the way scientists can, but they can be empirical. It can be deduced that history is a science. There may indeed be scientific elements in judging a military situation  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  ; nevertheless, there are an equal number of factors that simply cannot be scientifically quantified. In order for history to be as actuate as possible, both imagination and reason play key roles in acquiring knowledge. The role of imagination in history is that with which one can understand the events that transpire around a particular situation. Re ason plays a role in establishing what the event is. Without the imagination, reason is only a few written words; with the imagination, reason becomes more powerful and substantiating. Natural sciences are recognized as a model for knowledge owing to many factors, prime among which is their capacity to explain and make precise predictions.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  Natural sciences are often known as hard sciences, consisting of biology, chemistry and physics. They are often considered to be solely rational subjects that defy religion and question the world we live in, believed to give automatic proof of intellectual superiority because of its empirical data and facts and use of rational thinking, devoid of emotion and laden with precise and concise language. The idea of natural sciences as a literary art is nearly unheard of. This idea follows Bacons school of thought. Alternatively, in the spirit of Kants school of thought, it can also be considered a capacity for imaginative thinking. Most scientific laws and theories known today can be considered to have started with a creative endeavor, beginning with thought and imagination even though it is scientificall y based.  [CITATION TIM62 l 1033]  The thought that reason is the purest and truest way of attaining knowledge, an idea from the 17th century Renaissance, known as the Age of Reason, is slowly becoming contradicted. For example, the now respected idea that a high IQ is not a reliable sign of giftedness may simply indicate convergent thinking. Truly creative children are said to have divergent thinking that tend to find IQ tests boring and do not readily accept the right answer as the right one. A Chicago team devised various tests to spot divergent thinkers, testing 95 school boys. The test asked students to make up alternate endings for fables, instead of simply picking the right answers, and to write stories suggested by stimuli such as pictures which supply many different uses for everyday objects. Surprisingly, the top scores came from those specializing in history and English literature. The least creative, according to Hudsons findings, were the natural science students. Y oung scientists, says Hudson, tend to be less intellectually flexible than young arts specialists and more restricted emotionally.  [CITATION The08 l 1033]  In natural science, imagination is needed in order to correctly interpret data and create further possibilities for experimentation, although reason is used to ascertain whether or not ones findings and ones methods are realistic. There is little to suggest that the artists view point of science is more than just a thought or crazy theory, but it is evidently important for the scientist to view the world from an imaginative perpective. The idea of natural science as an art has only been seen in science fiction literatures, however, the language used in these works are generally emotionally laden even though they give the perception of being scientifically concise. Even though it has the word science in it, and presents logically plausible notions (in some cases), science fiction is often associated with imagination and fanta sy rather than reason and logic. Overall, it can be concluded that neither imagination nor reason are ruling aspects of history or natural science, but are necessary together in creating tangibility and some degree of certainty in attaining knowledge. Both of them create counterparts for each other making them unable to logically exist alone. It can be argued that Bacons views on reason and imagination are fairly unjustified as the roles of both are necessary to gain adequate knowledge and understanding in the natural sciences and history, as without one, the other becomes nearly useless; it supports Kants thesis, The Critique of Pure Reason. It is clear that Bacon failed to see the necessity of corresponding thoughts to create an ideological notion, integrating both aspects of acquiring knowledge for reason and imagination are highly dependent on each other for support. Word count: 1,602

Essay --

â€Å"You feel mighty free and easy and comfortable on a raft.† (Twain, 181). In Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain. Huck is a young boy in the 1840s; he runs away from home and floats down the Mississippi River. He meets a runaway slave named Jim and the two go on a series of adventures leading to Jim’s freedom. Throughout the novel, Huck slowly changes his views of racism. As Huck begins to have a change of heart, he gradually begins to decide between right and wrong. As a result, Huck faces moral dilemma of being between the world's prejudice that he learned growing up, and the lessons Jim has taught him throughout the story about the evils of racism. Huck’s struggles are revealed through the conflicts with his moral beliefs and cultural dilemmas. This is shown through his conflicts with himself, with other characters and society. Huck struggles with himself through his moral beliefs. Huck struggles with himself because he grows up in the lower class and when he moves in with the Widow it is hard for him to adjust to the life of the upper class. Huck is speaking to the reader at the beginning of the novel about events that have occurred in the previous novel, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Huck explains how he was adopted by The Widow Douglas and how she tried to civilize him. â€Å"The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time †¦ when I couldn’t stand it no longer I lit out †¦ But Tom Sawyer he hunted me up and said he was going to start a band of robbers, and I might join if I would go back to the widow and be respectable. So I went back† (2). This passage shows how Huck is being civilized by the widow and since he is from the lower class ... ...uck’s struggles are revealed through his conflicts with his morals and beliefs. This is shown through the conflicts with himself, other characters and society. Huck struggles with himself when he is trying to send a letter to the Widow Douglas about Jim where being. Huck contemplates but can only think of reason to tear the letter up. Also, Huck struggles with others because many characters influence Huck’s morals and beliefs. Jim has a big effect on Huck’s life because he changes Huck’s belief of Africans. Lastly, Huck struggles with the expectations that society has put on him. As Huck begins to have a change of heart, he gradually begins to decide between his morals and beliefs. Therefore, Huck faces moral dilemmas of being between the world's prejudice that he learned growing up, and the lessons Jim has taught him throughout the story about the evils of racism.